Yoshiko Takahashi & Chadley E. E. James 
Victimology and Victim Assistance [EPUB ebook] 
Advocacy, Intervention, and Restoration

Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
PART I. FOUNDATIONS
CHAPTER 1. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES OF VICTIMOLOGY AND VICTIM ASSISTANCE
History of Victimology
History of Victim Assistance
Legislative and Policy Development of Victims’ Rights
Types of Victim Services
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 2. THEORIES OF VICTIMIZATION
Pioneers in Victimology
Theories of Victimization
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 3. THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF VICTIMIZATION
Primary Source of Crime Victim Data in the United States
International Crime Statistics
The Nature and Extent of Victimization
Fear of Crime
Recurring Victimization
Costs of Victimization
Victim Reporting Behaviors
Sources of Victim Services
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 4. TRAUMA AND RECOVERY OF VICTIMS
Physiological Impact of Victimization
Definitions of Stress and Trauma
Responses to Trauma
Reducing and Preventing Trauma
Stages of Recovery
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
PART II. UNDERSTANDING THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM AND VICTIM ASSISTANCE
CHAPTER 5. THE INVESTIGATIVE PROCESS AND VICTIM ASSISTANCE
Policing in America
Victims’ Initial Contact With the Police
Role of Victim Advocates
Different Types of Victim Services
Specific Types of Victims and Law Enforcement
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 6. THE COURT PROCESS AND VICTIM ASSISTANCE
The Court Process
Victim Involvement in the Court Process
Assisting Victims of Crime
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 7. CORRECTIONS, PRISON VIOLENCE, AND VICTIM ASSISTANCE
Correctional Systems
Victim Services and Programs in Correctional Settings
Victim Involvement in Correctional Programs
Victim Notification
Prison Violence and Victimization in Prison
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 8. JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM, RESTORATIVE JUSTICE, AND VICTIM ASSISTANCE
Historical Overview of the Juvenile Justice System
Rights of Victims of Juvenile Crime
Victims of Juvenile Crimes
Juvenile Justice Process
Child Welfare System
Youth in the Juvenile Justice and Child Welfare Systems
Trauma-Informed Juvenile Justice System
Balanced and Restorative Justice for Juveniles
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
PART III. IMPACT OF CRIME ON VICTIMS
CHAPTER 9. VICTIM ASSISTANCE FOR FAMILY VIOLENCE: CHILD ABUSE AND ELDER ABUSE
What Is Family Violence?
Victim Assistance for Child Abuse Victims
Definitions of Child Abuse and Neglect
Effects of Child Abuse on Victims
Effective Responses to Child Abuse and Neglect
Human Trafficking of Children
Victim Assistance for Victims of Elder Abuse
Defining Elder Abuse and Neglect
Effects of Elder Abuse on Victims
Effective Responses to Elder Abuse and Neglect
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 10. VICTIM ASSISTANCE FOR INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE
Victim Assistance for Intimate Partner Violence Victims
Defining Intimate Partner Violence
Effects on Victims
Effective Responses to Intimate Partner Violence
Why Victims Find It Challenging to Leave Abuse Relationships
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 11. VICTIM ASSISTANCE FOR SEXUAL VICTIMIZATION
What is Sexual Victimization?
Victim Assistance for Victims of Sexual Violence
Rape Trauma Syndrome
Effective Responses to Victims of Sexual Victimization
Human Trafficking
Victim Assistance for Sexual Violence Victims on College Campuses
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 12. VICTIM ASSISTANCE FOR CYBER-CRIME
What Is Cyber-Crime?
Extent of Internet Fraud
Effective Responses to Victims of Cyber-Crime
What Is Cyber-Bullying and Stalking?
Extent of Cyber-Bullying and Cyber-Stalking
Effective Responses to Victims of Cyber-Bullying and Cyber-Stalking
What Is Cyber Child Sexual Exploitation?
Extent of Cyber Child Sexual Exploitation
Effective Responses to Child Sexual Exploitation
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
PART IV. NEW DIRECTIONS IN VICTIM ASSISTANCE
CHAPTER 13. PROFESSIONALISM AND ETHICS IN VICTIM ASSISTANCE
Ethics in Victim Assistance
Ethical Dilemmas and Ethical Decision Making
Special Considerations in Victim Services
Challenges in Serving Victims
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 14. COLLABORATIVE RESPONSES TO VICTIMS
Collaborative Approaches
Five Steps of Collaborative Processes
Advantages of Collaborative Working Relationships
Challenges to Successful Working Relationships
Service Delivery Models
Examples of Collaborative Efforts
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 15. CHALLENGES IN VICTIM SERVICES
Looking Ahead
Victim Assistance for Human Trafficking Victims
Victim Assistance for Victims of Terrorism
International Collaboration and Victim Assistance
Summary
Key Words
Internet Resources
Critical Thinking Questions
Appendix
Glossary
References
Index

Chadley James, Ph.D. is an assistant professor in the Department of Criminology at California State University, Fresno. Dr. James has published in international journals and textbooks and has presented papers at international conferences, courses, and seminars in Africa, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and the United States. He is the organizing co-director of the longest running two-week Graduate Course in Victimology, Victim Assistance, and Criminal Justice held every year in Dubrovnik, Croatia, at the Inter-University Center. In 2015, the World Society of Victimology (WSV) awarded Dr. James the Beniamin Mendelsohn Young Victimologist Award. He is also an elected Executive Committee member of the WSV.