Raka R. R. Ray & Jennifer Dawn Dawn Carlson 
The Social Life of Gender [EPUB ebook] 

Acknowledgments – Dawn Dow, Katherine Mason
Author Biographies – Katherine Maich, Gowri Vijayakumar
Introduction: Conceptualizing Gender
Chapter 1: Power (Abigail Andrews)
Introduction
The Gender Orders of Institutions
Gender Hegemonies
A History of Gender Hegemonies
The Ambiguities of ‘Progress’
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
Chapter 2: Position (Abigail Andrews)
Introduction
Thinking through Difference: Beyond Universality and Objectivity
Standpoint Theory: A Sociology for Women
From Thinking Gender to Thinking Difference
Beyond Binary Thinking
An Epistemology of Difference
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
Chapter 3: Representation (Jennifer Carlson)
Introduction
Emphasized Femininity
The Power of Images
Imperial Advertising and Commodity Fetishism
Gendered Advertising and the Growth of Industrial Capitalism in the U.S.
Norms of Neoliberalism
How Images Harm
Representing Hegemonic Masculinity
Marginalized Masculinities
Conclusion: Shifting Gendered Norms
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
Chapter 4: Practice (Jennifer Carlson)
Introduction
From Gender Identities to Gender Practices
Gender Accountability
Interrogating the Science of Sexual Difference
Embodiment: Bodies as the Effect of Gender
Doing/Undoing Gender and Sex
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
Chapter 5: Gendering Sexuality (Oluwakemi M. Balogun & Kimberly Kay Hoang)
Introduction
The Development of Human Sexuality as a Field of Inquiry
Early Feminist Interventions: Force versus Consent
Contemporary Debates around Sex Trafficking
The Politics of Sexual Rights: LGBTQ Rights Movement
From Sexuality to Sexualities: Power and Play
Doing Gender, Doing Sexuality
Sexualized Intersections: Sexuality, Race, Class, and Nation
Globalizing Sexualities
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
Chapter 6: Gendering Crime and Justice (Jennifer Carlson)
Introduction
From Violence against Women to Sexual Violence and Intimate Partner Violence
Rape Myths
The Social Construction of Victims and Criminals
The Paradox of Women′s Violence: Blurring Victimhood and Criminality
The Gender Gap in Violence: Men and Masculinity
Gendering Justice
Undoing Violence, Recognizing Gender
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
Chapter 7: Gendering Social Reproduction (Dawn Dow & Katherine Mason)
Introduction
The Social Organization of Biological Reproduction: Historical and Global Perspectives
Adoption and Fosterage: Decoupling Biological Reproduction from Child-Rearing
Outsourcing Reproduction and Reproducing Inequality
Who is Responsible for Social Reproduction? Historical and Global Perspectives
What Does Reproductive Labor Entail?
Debating Reproductive Labor
The Stalled Revolution: Persisting Gender Differences in Reproductive Labor
The Mommy Wars and the ‘Opt-Out Revolution’
New Family Forms, New Forms of Social Reproduction? Legal and Technological Innovations
Conclusion
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
Chapter 8: Gendering Exploitation (Abigail Andrews and Raka Ray)
Introduction
Gender Norms and Inequities in Today′s Workplace
Occupational Segregation by Sex
The Glass Ceiling and the Glass Escalator
Explaining Sex Segregation at Work
The Gender Wage Gap
Other Forms of Discrimination
Barriers to Union Organizing
Gendering Neoliberal Globalization
Gendered Migration and the Global Care Chain
The Global Factory and the New Feminine Worker
Microfinance, the “Responsible Woman, ” and the Triple Burden of Public Service
Gender Transformations in the Informal Economy
Reconstructing Masculinities on the Margins
The End of Men? Or More Glass Ceiling?
Beyond the Gendered Economy
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
Chapter 9: Politicizing Gender (Gowri Vijayakumar and Katherine Maich)
Introduction
Rethinking the History of Feminism: Waves and Currents
Nineteenth and Early 20th-Century Gender Activism in the United States
Feminisms in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s
The 1980s and 1990s: Critiques of White Feminism, Queer Politics, and Transnational Solidarities
The 2000s and Beyond: Institutionalization, Backlash, and New Directions
Conclusion
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
Chapter 10: Decolonizing Gender (Raka Ray)
Introduction
Constructing the Global World Order
The Effects of Struggles around Decolonization
Colonial Positions and the Politics of Knowledge
The Geopolitical Construction of Gender
Contextualizing Our Concepts: Ideas Mediated by Culture
Conclusion
Keywords
Questions
Associated Readings
References – Olawakemi Balogun, Kimberly Hoang

Abigail Andrews is an Assistant Professor of Sociology and Urban Studies at the University of California-San Diego. She received a Ph D in Sociology from the University of California, Berkeley in 2014. Her research focuses on gender, political sociology, globalization, and migration between Mexico and the United States. Her work on undocumented migrant communities and transnational politics appears in Gender & Society, World Development and the Journal of Contemporary Ethnography.