लेखक: Enrico Pattaro

ENRICO PATTARO University of Bologna, Italy Born in Rome on April 8, 1941. Graduated summa cum laude in law from the University of Bologna, 1964, with a dissertation on Hans Kelsen and Alf Ross. Libero docente (Habilitationsschrift) in the philosophy of law, 1971. Was awarded a position as full professor in legal philosophy through a national 1975 competition for a professorship in Italy. Tenured professor in legal philosophy at the Bologna University School of Law. Served as dean of the Bologna University School of Law from 1977 to 1979, and then as member of the Bologna University Board of Directors from 1980 to 1989. Main research fields: Legal philosophy, general jurisprudence, the history of legal ideas, and computer science and law. Author of over two hundred publications. Main speaker at national and international conferences. Invited speaker at universities in Western and Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the United States.   1982–1989. Promoted (with others) and served as member of the Ph.D. programme in Analytic Philosophy and Legal Theory of the University of Milan. Coordinator: Uberto Scarpelli. 1983–1990. Served as member of the International Statutory Interpretation Project, Cornell University School of Law, USA. Coordinators: Neil Mac Cormick (University of Edinburg, UK) and Robert S. Summers (Cornell University, USA). 1986. Founded CIRSFID—Bologna University Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in the History, Sociology, and Philosophy of Law and in IT Law and Legal Informatics—serving as the centre’s director from 1986 to 1999, and from 2006 to the present. 1986–1995. Served as member of the advisory board of the Center for Semiotic Research in Law, Government, and Economics, Pennsylvania State University, Reading, Pa. Founder: Roberta Kevelson. 1987. Founded Ratio Juris: An International Journal of Jurisprudence and Philosophy of Law (Oxford and Cambridge, Mass.: Basil Blackwell), serving as editor-in-chief from 1987 to 2001. Original Committee of Advisors: Hans Albert (University of Mannheim, Germany), Norberto Bobbio (University of Turin, Italy), H. L. A. Hart (University of Oxford, UK), and Georg H. von Wright (Finnish Academy of Science, Finland). Current Committee of Advisors: Hans Albert (University of Mannheim, Germany), Ronald Dworkin (University College London, UK), Enrico Pattaro (University of Bologna, Italy), and John Searle (University of California at Berkeley, USA). 1989. Cofounded the European Association for the Teaching of Legal Theory, based in Brussels, and have since sat on the board of directors. 1989. Founded the Bologna University Ph.D. Programme in Legal Informatics and Information-Technology Law, serving as coordinator until 2000. 1989–present. Member of the Bologna Academy of Sciences. 1989–present. Served as member of the advisory committee of the Istituto de Derechos Humanos “Bartolomé de las Casas, ” Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid. Founder: Gregorio Peces-Barba (Spain). 1992–present. Served as member of the advisory committee of Anuario de Filosofía Jurídica y Social, Sociedad Chilena de Filosofía Jurídica y Social, Valparaiso (Chile). 1992–present. Served as member of the editorial board of Artificial Intelligence and Law, Berlin–Dordrecht–Heidelberg–New York: Springer. 1995–99. Served as president of IVR, Internationale Vereinigung für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie (International Association for the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy), founded in 1909. Vice presidents during the same period: Eugenio Bulygin (Argentina), Mikael Karlsson (Iceland), Rex Martin (USA), and Aleksander Peczenik (Sweden). 1997–1999. Chaired the Jurists’ Team of the Euro Committee appointed by the Italian government to draft the statutory instruments and delegated legislation on the changeover to a single European currency (the euro). 1998. Conceived and carried out the Irnerius Project, digitally reproducing and making available on the Web the medieval glossators’ and commentators’ manuscript codices of the Reale Collegio di Spagna in Bologna (the database is online at http://irnerio.cirsfid.unibo.it and now counts 138, 908 leaves). 1999–present. Honorary president of IVR, Internationale Vereinigung für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie (International Association for the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy), founded in 1909. 2001. Promoted the Master’s course in Legal Informatics and Information-Technology Law, Bologna University School of Law, part of the European Legal Informatics Study Programme (EULISP) consortium. Other universities in the consortium: Strathclyde University Glasgow, UK; Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Université Notre-Dame de la Paix Namur, France; Universitetet i Oslo, Norway; Lapin Yliopisto Rovaniemi, Finland; Stockholms Universitet, Sweden; Universität Wien, Austria; and Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain. 2001–present. Conceived A Treatise of Legal Philosophy and General Jurisprudence, 12 vols. (Dordrecht, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer), serving as editor-in-chief. Associate Editors: Gerald J. Postema (The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA), Peter G. Stein (University of Cambridge, UK). Advisory Board: Norberto Bobbio (University of Turin, Italy), Ronald M. Dworkin (New York University, USA, and University College London, UK), Lawrence M. Friedman (Stanford University, USA), and Knud Haakonssen (University of Sussex, UK). 2004–2008. President of the Italian Association for Legal Philosophy (formerly called Italian Association for Legal and Political Philosophy), based in Rome. Vice presidents during the same period: Vincenzo Ferrari (University of Milan) and Francesco Viola (University of Palermo). 2007–present. Served as member of the editorial board of Studii de drept romanesc (Legal Romanian Studies), Bucharest, Romania. 2008. Founded the Italian Society for Law and Literature (www.lawandliterature.org), currently serving as its honorary president. 2008–present. Served as member of the editorial board of the International Journal for the Semiotics of Law, Berlin–Dordrecht–Heidelberg–New York: Springer. Corrado Roversi Bologna University School of Law Corrado Roversi is assistant professor in Legal Philosophy at the University of Bologna. He holds a Ph.D. in Analytic Philosophy and General Jurisprudence from the University of Milan. He is a member of CIRSFID (Centre for Research in the History, Philosophy, and Sociology of Law, and in Computer Science and Law) at the University of Bologna, and assistant editor of Ratio Juris: An International Journal of Jurisprudence and Philosophy of Law (Wiley-Blackwell). His main interests are in social and legal ontology, the theory of norms and normativeness, and the philosophy of normative language. Among his publications are “On Constitutive Normativity”, in The Normativity of Law, eds. S. Bertea and G. Pavlakos (Oxford: Hart Publishing, forthcoming); “Constitutive Rules in Context, ” Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie 96: 223-38 (2010); “Inferentialism, Social Practices, and the Connection between Law and Morality, ” coauthored with G. Bongiovanni and A. Rotolo, in The Rules of Inference. Inferentialism in Law and Philosophy, eds. D. Canale and G. Tuzet, 45-72, Milan: EGEA (2009); “Performative Contradictions and Norm-enactment, ” coauthored with A. Rotolo, Ratio Juris 22: 455-82 (2009); “The Structure of Social Practices and the Connection between Law and Morality, ” coauthored with G. Bongiovanni, A. Rotolo, C. Valentini, Ratio Juris 22: 1-23 (2009); “Constitutionalism and Transcendental Arguments, ” Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 59: 109–24 (2008); “The Claim to Correctness and Inferentialism: Alexy’s Theory of Practical Reason Reconsidered, ” coauthored with G. Bongiovanni and A. Rotolo, in Law, Rights and Discourse, edited by G. Pavlakos, 275–300 (Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2007).