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The International Space Station (ISS) celebrated 10 years of operations in November 2008. Today, it is more than a human outpost in low Earth orbit (LEO). It is also an international science laborato …

This book presents the most recent updates in the field of photon and optical materials research. It is devoted to various interdisciplinary subjects such as fundamental photon physics, bio and medic …

This book presents new research related to femtosecond laser ablation, coherent control, electronic and thermal processes, coloring, nanoscale heat transfer, and corneal refractive surgery. With lase …

This book explores the significant challenges in sustaining and upgrading The Global Positioning System (GPS). The GPS provides positioning, navigation, and timing data to users worldwide, and has be …

This new resource provides an insight into the physical principles of the device technology that underpins many laser-based military systems in one form or another. From this knowledge a deeper under …

The present book is focused on the study of unprecedented control and manipulation of light by photonic crystals (PCs) and their applications. These are micro- or usually nano-structures composed of …

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI), known also as chemical or spectroscopic imaging, is an emerging platform technology that integrates conventional imaging and spectroscopy to attain both spatial and spect …

Space weather refers to variations in the space environment between the sun and Earth (and throughout the solar system) that can affect technologies in space and on Earth. Space weather can disrupt t …

Laser ablation is the process of removing material from a solid (or occasionally liquid) surface by irradiating it with a laser beam. At low laser flux, the material is heated by the absorbed laser e …

This book presents an overview of NASA’s past operations and provides detailed accounts of some current missions and how they will form the future of space exploration. …