Robert M. M. Ortega & Charles D. D. Garvin 
Socially Just Practice in Groups [PDF ebook] 
A Social Work Perspective

Preface
Acknowledgements
About the Authors
SECTION I. HISTORICAL AND CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO GROUP WORK AND SOCIAL JUSTICE
1. What Is a Socially Just Approach to Group Work?
Defining Social Justice
Social Justice Practice Principles
Purpose and Goals
Member Relevance and Social Identities
Norms and Socially Just Participation
Conflict
Group Leadership
Group Development and Process
Practice Dimensions
Summary
Discussion Questions
2 History of Group Work
The Emergence of Group Work: 1861 to 1927
Clarification of the Method: 1928 to 1946
The Diffusion of Practice: 1947 to 1963
The Move to the Concept of a Generic Method: 1964 to 1979
The Revitalization of Group Work: 1979 to 2000
Recommitment to Social Justice, Empirical Practice, and New Approaches: 2003 to Present
Critique of Existing Practice Theories
Summary
Discussion Questions
3 Knowledge for Practice
Structures
Processes
Cohesiveness
Group Culture
Discussion Questions
4 Models of Group Work and Relationship to Social Justice
Social Goals
Cognitive-Behavioral Group Work
Task Centered
Self-Directed
Feminist
Narrative
Summary
Discussion Questions
5 Group Purposes
Purpose and Social Justice
A Typology of Purposes
A Typology of Group Purposes
Social Justice Issues Related to Purposes
Summary
Discussion Questions
6 Values and Ethics
Solidarity
Tolerance
Inclusion
Transformative Trust
Cultural Humility
Empowerment
Shared Leadership
Additional Ethical Issues in Group Work Practice
Summary
Discussion Questions
7 Roles, Tasks, and Critical Consciousness
Roles, Norms, and Statuses
Group Tasks and Functions
Agreements (AKA Ground Rules)
Power
Conflict
Summary
Discussion Questions
8 Leadership
Leadership and Purpose
Social Justice Leadership Processes
Social Justice and Leadership Skills
Social Justice Visioning
Knowledge and Skills
Critical Analysis
Safety Monitoring During Conflict
Praxis
Leadership and Power
Leadership and Following
Leadership and Co-facilitation
Discussion Questions
SECTION II. DOING GROUP WORK FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE
9 Group Processes and Development
Stages Usually Referred to in Group Work Literature
Problems in Application of the Concepts of Phases and Stages
Events That Affect Group Development
Social Justice and Group Development
The Role of the Practitioner in Group Development
Further Strategies for Enhancement of Group Development
Resources That Enhance Development
Strengthening Awareness of Social Justice/Injustice
Variations in Group Developmental Processes Related to Group Types and Purposes
Summary
Discussion Questions
10 Assessment
What Is Assessment?
Role of Assessment in a Social Justice Model
Problems With Psychiatric Nomenclature
Compatibility With Strengths-Based Perspective
Sources of Qualitative Information for Assessment
Sources of Quantitative Data in Assessment
Measures of Group Processes
Summary
Discussion Questions
11 Preparation for the Group Meeting
Group Purpose
Environmental Issues in Planning for a Group
Role of the Agency in the Pregroup Phase
Compositional Issues
Pregroup Meetings With Members/Preparing Members for Groups
Preparing the Setting
Tuning In
Type of Group
Summary
Discussion Questions
12 Group Beginnings: Formation
Implications for Social Justice
Handling Offensive Behaviors and Taboo Subjects
Group Tasks in Initial Phase
Dealing With Other Miscellaneous Transition Nuances
Summary
Discussion Questions
13 Approaches to Achieving Different Purposes
A Typology of Group Purposes
Social Justice Issues Related to Purposes
Group Programs and Processes That Help Members Attain the Purposes
Skill Attainment
Resistance to Social Control
Rehabilitation
Summary
Discussion Questions
14 Activities
Use of an Analytic Framework
Use of Spontaneous Events
Activities Involving Music
Activities Involving Art
Activities Involving Games
Activities Involving Drama
Activities for Various Types of Issues
Summary
Discussion Questions
15 Task Groups
Social Justice in Task Groups
Similarities and Differences Between Individual Change and Task Groups
Pregroup Tasks
Group Formation Tasks
Goal Pursuit Tasks
Summary
Discussion Questions
16 Environmental Change
Rationale for Environmental Change
Selection of Environmental Targets
Choosing the Organizational Level
Strategies for Environmental Change
Environmental Change Activities in Which Members as Individuals May Engage
Environmental Change Activities for Either a Member or the Whole Group
Environmental Change Activities for the Group
Summary
Discussion Questions
17 Termination and Endings
Meaning of Endings
Social Justice Issues in Endings
Worker Tasks
Evaluation
Understand and Cope With Feelings
Maintain Changes
Utilize Skills in Variety of Circumstances
Utilize New Services
Reduce Cohesion
Ceremonies
Special Termination Issues
Summary
Discussion Questions
18 Evaluation
Measurements/Instruments
Analysis of Data
Dissemination of Data
Social Justice and Evaluation
Evaluation of Individual Change of Members
Evaluation of Changes in Group Conditions
Summary
Discussion Questions
Index

Charles Garvin holds his master′s and doctoral degrees from the School of Social Service Administration of the University of Chicago. He was a practitioner in social work and group work for a dozen years after his master′s degree before he studied for his Ph D. He graduated from a program of the Chicago Institute of Psychoanalysis that trained child therapists. He has been on the faculty of the University of Michigan School of Social work 1965-2002 and is now Professor Emeritus of Social Work, He is the author or co-author of many books such as Contemporary Group Work, Interpersonal Practice in Social Work, Social Work in Contemporary Society, Group Work Research, and Social Work and Social Justice. He was the first chair of the now called International Association of Social Work with Groups after it became a membership organization. He is a past chair of the Group for the Advancement of Doctoral Education in Social Work. He has written over 50 articles and book chapters on social work, research, and group work, He is the co-editor of two editions of the Handbook of Social Work with Groups.