A.J. Arberry 
Revelation and Reason in Islam [PDF ebook] 

The "Scholastic Problem" was the focus of much debate in Islam for some centuries before it became the chief crux of learned discussion in medieval Christianity. When originally published in 1957 this volume was the first survey of the subject to appear in English. It reviews the conflict within Islam between Revelation and Reason and examines the attempts made by theology, philosophy, mysticism and authoritarianism to resolve the dilemma.