Agricultural Involution: The Processes of Ecological Change in Indonesia is one of the most famous of the early works of Clifford Geertz. It principal thesis is that many centuries of intensifying wet-rice cultivation in Indonesia had produced greater social complexity without significant technological or political change, a process Geertz terms ‘involution’.Written for a US-funded project on the local developments and following the modernization theory of Walt Whitman Rostow, Geertz examines in this book the agricultural system in Indonesia and its two dominant forms of agriculture, swidden and sawah. In addition to researching its agricultural systems, the book turns to an examination of their historical development. Of particular note is Geertz’s discussion of what he famously describes as the process of ‘agricultural involution’ in Java, where both the external economic demands of the Dutch rulers and the internal pressures due to population growth led to intensification rather than change.
Agricultural Involution: The Processes of Ecological Change in Indonesia is one of the most famous of the early works of Clifford Geertz. It principal thesis is that many centuries of intensifying wet-rice cultivation in Indonesia had produced greater soc
قائمة المحتويات
I: Starting points, theoretical and factual — The ecological approach in anthropology — The limitation of traditional approaches — Cultural ecology — Two types of ecosystem — Inner vs. outer Indonesia — Swidden — Sawah — II: The crystallization of the pattern — The classical period — The colonial period: foundations — The company — The culture system — The colonial period: Florescence — The corporate plantation system — The development of outer Indonesia — III: The outcome — Comparisons and prospects — The present situation — Java and Japan — The outline of the future
عن المؤلف
Clifford James Geertz (August 23, 1926 – October 30, 2006) was an American anthropologist who is remembered mostly for his strong support for and influence on the practice of symbolic anthropology, and who was considered "for three decades…the single most influential cultural anthropologist in the United States." He served until his death as professor emeritus at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.
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