Elizabeth G. Creamer 
An Introduction to Fully Integrated Mixed Methods Research [EPUB ebook] 

This practical book provides the tools needed to design, execute, and evaluate fully integrated mixed methods research studies. A uniting metaphor of the architectural arch helps students understand the benefits of a mixed methods approach as they consider ways to integrate the qualitative and quantitative strands at all stages of design and execution. With use of examples from popular media and published research, this text also includes a detailed discussion of ways to accomplish mixing methods during data collection and analysis and a separate chapter on designing and executing a realistic mixed methods dissertation.

قائمة المحتويات

List of Tables and Figures

Preface

Conceptual Framework

Purpose

Audience

Distinguishing Features

Organization of the Book

Organization of Each Chapter

Taking Advantage of the Text

Related Assignments

Acknowledgments

About the Author

PART 1: FOUNDATIONAL ISSUES

Chapter 1: Definitional Issues

Example from Popular Media: Locating the Bones of Richard III

Purposes and Goals of the Chapter

Different Perspectives on the Definition of Mixed Methods Research

The Centrality of Mixing to the Definition of Mixed Methods Research

Distinguishing Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches

Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches as Different Analytical Strategies

Conceptualizing Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches on a Continuum

Mixed Methods as a Logic of Inquiry

Evaluation and Mixed Methods

Conceptual Framework – Fully Integrated Mixed Methods Research

The Architectural Arch as a Metaphor

‘Mixed Up’ Methods

Controversies Involving Foundational Issues

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Supplemental Activity

Recommended Reading

Chapter 2: Classifying the Purposes of Mixed Methods Research

Mixed Methods Research Featured in the Popular Media

Purpose, Goals, and Contribution of the Chapter

Arguments for the Preeminence of Purpose in Distinguishing Mixed Methods Studies

An Over-Riding Purpose of Mixing Compatible Methods: Triangulation

Typologies for Categorizing Research Articles by Purpose

Evolution of Typologies

An Expanded Typology of Purposes

Design Features of the Major Categories of Purpose Types

Prevalence of the Use of Different Types of Purposes

Design Features of the Exemplary Publication (Durksen & Klassen, 2012)

Mixing in the Chapter Exemplar

Value-Added of Mixed Methods in the Chapter Exemplar

Situations Where a Mixed Methods Approach May Not Be Appropriate

Conclusions

Recommendations for Practice

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Supplemental Activities

Recommended Reading

Chapter 3: Recognizing Paradigmatic Assumptions

Purpose, Goals, and Contribution of the Chapter

Goals of the Chapter

Defining What is Meant by a Paradigm

Differing Viewpoints About the Relevance of Paradigms

Key Features of Paradigmatic Stances to Research That Are Compatible with Mixed Methods

Pragmatism

Dialectical Pluralism

Realist and Critical Realist Paradigm

Transformative-Emancipatory Paradigm

Grounded Theory and Mixed Methods – Exemplary Publication (Gasson & Waters, 2013)

Paradigmatic Assumptions that are Likely to Be Incompatible with Mixed Methods

Being Reflexive About Your Own Paradigm

Controversies Associated with Paradigms

Conclusion

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Supplemental Activities

Recommended Reading

Chapter 4: Distinguishing Mixed Methods Designs

Purposes, Goals, and Contribution of the Chapter

Timing and Priority as Key Features That Distinguish Mixed Method Designs

A Classification System for Prototypical Mixed Method Designs

Summary About Design Types

Priority as a Key Feature of Mixed Method Designs

A Notation System that Incorporates Priority and Timing

Explaining the Prevalence of a Quantitative Priority

Mixed Methods Studies with Unequal Priority

Mixed Methods Studies with a Qualitative Priority

Design Features of the Exemplary Publication

Describing Key Features of the Chapter Exemplar

Strategies to Establish Priority

Equal Priority Mixed Methods Studies

Conclusions

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Supplemental Activities

Recommended Reading

PART 2: EXECUTING FULLY INTEGRATED MIXED METHODS RESEARCH

Chapter 5: Strategies for Mixing Prior to Analysis

Example from the Popular Media: The Blue Zones

Purposes, Goals, and Contribution of the Chapter

Organization of the Chapter

Design Phase Mixing: Mixed Method Purpose Statements and Research Questions

Wording Research Questions to Reflect Priority

Three Approaches to Writing Mixed Method Research Questions

Mixing During Sampling

Combining Probability and Purposeful Sampling

Timing as a Way to Distinguish Mixed Method Sampling Approaches

Using Identical or Nested Samples

Exemplary Article: A Mixed Method Study of Using Social Media (Young & Jaganath, 2013)

Five Types of Mixing in the Chapter Exemplar

Methodological Transparency in the Exemplar

Conclusion

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Supplemental Activities

Recommended Reading

Chapter 6: Mixed Method Analytical Procedures

Returning to the Metaphor of the Architectural Arch

Purpose, Goals, and Contribution of the Chapter

Mixed Method Analytical Strategies

Examples of the Use of Mixed Method Analytical Strategies

Example 1: Illustrating Data Transformation: Creamer and Ghoston (2012)

Example 2: Illustration Four Mixed Methods Analytical Strategies: Jang, Mc Dougall, Pollon, Herbert, and Russell (2008)

Example 3: Illustrating Two Mixed Method Analytical Strategies: Elliott, Gale, Parsons, Kuh, and The HALCyon Study (2014)

Mixing by Constructing Inferences and Meta-Inferences

Examples of Meta-Inferences

Embedding Design Strategies that Promote Meaningful Meta-Inferences

Conclusions

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Supplemental Activities

Recommended Reading

Chapter 7: Data Transformation and other Strategies for Mixing During Analysis

Purpose, Goals, and Contribution of the Chapter

Contributions of the Chapter

Organization of the Chapter

Quantifying and Quantitizing Qualitative Data

Quantifying

Attending to Sample Size

Examples of Quantifying and Quantitizing Qualitative Data

Example One from Mazzola, Walker, Schockley, & Spector (2011): Quantifying two Qualitatively Derived Variables for Purposes of Demonstrating a Relationship

Example Two from Castro, Kellison, Boyd, & Kopak (2010): Demonstrating a Relationship between Qualitatively and Quantitatively Derived Variables

Example Three from Young and Jaganath (2013): Quantifying Qualitative Themes to Show Change over Time

Example Four from Odom et al. (2006): Quantifying Qualitative Themes to Distinguish Groups

Qualitizing Numeric Data

Mixed Method Approaches to Case Study

Philosophical Assumptions of Case Study that are Well-Suited to Mixed Methods

Mixing by Linking Qualitative and Quantitative Data in a Case Report

Accomplishing Mixing through Sampling Procedures in Case Study Research

Exemplary Article: Mixed Methods Case Study Research by Cooper (2014)

Mixing across Stages of the Research Process in the Exemplar

Conclusions

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Supplemental Activities

Recommended Reading

PART 3: EVALUATING QUALITY

Chapter 8: Evaluating Quality in Mixed Methods Research Publications

Purpose, Goals, and Contribution of the Chapter

Organization of the Chapter

Chapter Exemplar: Mc Mahon (2007) Study About the Endorsement of Rape Myths among College Athletes

Mixed Method Evaluation Rubric (MMER)

Defining and Illustrating the Evaluation Criteria in the MMER

Criterion # 1: Transparency Application to the Exemplar

Criterion # 2: Amount of Mixing Application to the Exemplar

Criterion # 3: Interpretive Comprehensiveness Application to the Exemplar

Criterion # 4: Methodological Foundation Application to the Exemplar

Using Evaluation Criteria to Demonstrate a Link between Design and Quality

Challenges and Future Uses of the MMER

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Supplemental Activities

Recommended Reading

Chapter 9: Designing and Reporting a Fully Integrated Mixed Methods Research Proposal or Doctoral Dissertation

Communicating Priority

Purpose, Goals, and Contribution of the Chapter

Organization of the Chapter

Situations When the Multi-Method Label is Appropriate

Intentionality About Incorporating Design Features That Promote Mixing

Designing a Mixed Methods Study in Ways that are Feasible for a Newcomer to Empirical Research

Chapter Exemplars that are the Most Feasible as Models for Doctoral Research

Methods that are Adaptable to a Mixed Methods Approach

Content Analysis

Organizing a Mixed Methods Research Manuscript

Extending the Quality of Reporting

Process-Oriented Graphics

Illustrating the Guidelines for Methodological Transparency with an Exemplar

Conclusions

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Recommended Reading

PART 4: CONTROVERSIES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Chapter 10: Controversies and Future Directions

Purposes, Goals, and Contribution of the Chapter

Contribution of the Chapter

Organization of the Chapter

Looking Back: Controversies about Mixed Methods Research

Evidence About Prevalence

Reframing Designs to Emphasize Mixing During Analysis

Conceiving Mixed Priority Designs

Inserting a Third Column: Visualizing Designs in Ways that Highlight Mixing

Re-Conceptualizing Priority in Terms of Inferences and Meta-Inferences

Applying a Template to Visualize Meta-Inferences

Summarizing Major Themes

Lessons from the Exemplars

Refocusing the Logic of Combination

Applying the Mixed Methods Label

Summary of Key Points

Key Terms

Supplemental Activities

Recommended Reading

Appendices

Appendix A: Summary of Key Points by Chapter

Appendix B: List of Supplemental Activities by Chapter

Appendix C: Blank Template for Article Summaries

Appendix D: Templates for Chapter Exemplars

Endnote

Glossary

References

Name Index

Subject Index

عن المؤلف

Dr. Elizabeth Creamer is Professor Emerita from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and Mixed Methods Program Senior Visiting Scholar. Dr. Creamer’s innovative work has advanced methodology combining grounded theory and mixed methods. She is the author of the 2018 SAGE textbook An Introduction to Fully Integrated Mixed Methods Research, which builds a framework for the integration of qualitative and quantitative data and analytical procedures across all phases of the research process. She also is the Past President of the Mixed Methods International Research Association (MMIRA), Co-Editor in Chief of Methods in Psychology and has authored the recently published book Advancing Grounded Theory with Mixed Methods (2021).