This edited volume contains seven chapters, each detailing recent advancements in medicine and biology. Chapter One presents an overview of drug-related problems in pediatrics. Chapter Two evaluates the role that Maytenus ilicifolia can play in the treatment of melanoma skin cancer. Chapter Three presents a review of biosensors for lipopolysaccharides and assays for studies of lipopolysaccharide binding interactions. Chapter Four presents a literature review of treatment options for carpal tunnel syndrome. Chapter Five describes the application of metabolomics, a science that quantifies and qualifies metabolites in an organism, in bio-medical research. Chapter Six presents the results of a systematic screening that was performed to identify macromolecules that are able to induce accumulation of ascitic fluid in rodents. Finally, Chapter Seven describes a study wherein the method of gravitational mass spectroscopy was used to study the long-range order in an ensemble of atomic nuclei clusters in chicken egg yolk before and after adsorption by beet sugar on the chromosomes.