Offering insights and analysis in a field that has only recently come into existence, this book explores the ideals and institutions through which Middle Eastern societies—from the rise of Islam in the seventh century C.E. to the present day—have confronted poverty and the poor. By introducing new sources and presenting familiar ones with new questions, the contributors examine ideas about poverty and the poor, ideals and practices of charity, and state and private initiatives of poor relief over this extensive time span. They avoid easy generalizations about Islam and the Middle East as they seek to set the ideals and practices in comparative perspective.
قائمة المحتويات
List of Illustrations
Note to the Reader
Introduction
Part I: Entitlement and Obligation
1. Poverty and Charity in the Rise of Islam
Michael Bonner
2. Status-Based Definitions of Need in Early Islamic Zakat and Maintenance Laws
Ingrid Mattson
3. The Foreign Jewish Poor in Medieval Egypt
Mark R. Cohen
4 ‘Prices Are in God’s Hands’: The Theory and Practice of Price Control in the Medieval Islamic World
Adam Sabra
Part II: Institutions
5. The Functional Aspects of Medieval Islamic Hospitals
Yasser Tabbaa
6. Charity and Hospitality: Hospitals in the Ottoman Empire in the Early Modern Period
Miri Shefer
7. Charity, the Poor, and Distribution of Alms in Ottoman Algiers
Miriam Hoexter
Part III: The State as Benefactor
8. Living on the Margins of Charity: Coping with Poverty in an Ottoman Provincial City
Eyal Ginio
9. The Charity of the Khedive
Mine Ener
10. Imperial Gifts and Sultanic Legitimation during the Late Ottoman Empire, 18761909
Nadir Özbek
Part IV: Changing Worlds
11. Al-Tahtawi on Poverty and Welfare
Juan R. I. Cole
12. Islam, Philanthropy, and Political Culture in Interwar Egypt: The Activism of Labiba Ahmad
Beth Baron
13. ‘The Child Question’: The Politics of Child Welfare in Early Republican Turkey
Kathryn Libal
Part V: Welfare as Politics
14. Islamic Redistribution through Zakat: Historical Record and Modern Realities
Timur Kuran
15. Charity’s Legacies: Reconsideration of Ottoman Imperial Endowment-Making
Amy Singer
Conclusion
Natalie Zemon Davis
Contributors
Index
عن المؤلف
Michael Bonner is Professor of Medieval Islamic History at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. He is the author of
Aristocratic Violence and Holy War: Studies in the Jihad and the Arab-Byzantine Frontier.
Mine Ener (1965–2003) was Associate Professor of History at Villanova University.
Amy Singer is Professor in the Department of Middle Eastern and African History at Tel Aviv University. She is the author of
Palestinian Peasants and Ottoman Officials: Rural Administration around Sixteenth-Century Jerusalem and
Constructing Ottoman Beneficence: An Imperial Soup Kitchen in Jerusalem, both also published by SUNY Press, and Charity in Islamic Societies.
المزيد من الكتب الإلكترونية من نفس المؤلف (المؤلفين) / محرر
146٬331 كتب إلكترونية في هذه الفئة
