Armenia and Azerbaijan both used to be part of the Soviet Union, but since that crumbled, ethnic tensions between Armenians and Azerbaijanis increased in the Nagorno-Karabakh region. Nagorno-Karabakh is recognized as part of Azerbaijan, but is predominantly populated by ethnic Armenians. The long-simmering conflict has been escalating in recent months. This book looks at the background and upheaval in these two countries.