Chuang Tzu (369-286 BC), whose given name is "Zhou" and who styled himself as "Zixiu" (also known as Zimu), born in Meng (now Mengcheng, Anhui, also known as Shangqiu in Henan and Dongming in Shandong), was a great ideologist and litterateur during the Warring States period, and the main founder of Taoism, and was known as "Lao Tse and Chuang Tzu" along with Lao Tse, the founder of Taoism. Their philosophical thinking system is revered as the "Lao-Zhuang philosophy". Chuang Tzu has an extremely rich imagination, a free and flexible language, and is able to express some subtle and inexplicable philosophical principles captivating. His book Chuang Tzu is known as "philosophy in literature, literature in philosophy". He advocates for theories that "man is an integral part of nature" and "passive inaction". It is rumored that he once tried to live in seclusion in Nanhua Mountain. Therefore, at the beginning of the Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he conferred the title of "Nanhua Zhenren" on Chuang Zhou and referred to his book Chuang Tzu as Nanhua Zhenjing. The book showcases his aspirations, temperament, and characters through ten stories, including the journey to Haoliang, a dilemma for a fish lacking in water, a turtle crawling in the mud, what is useless is the greatest use, speaking of swords in the state of Zhao, licking and sucking pus and blood on hemorrhoids for others, Chuang Chou dreaming a butterfly, the ubiquity of the Tao, Pao Ding dismembering an ox, and facing death with positive attitude.
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