In recent decades, India has been witness to the assertion of geographically, culturally and historically constituted distinct and well-defined regions that display ethnic, communal, caste and other social-political cleavages.This book examines the changing configurations of state politics in India. Focussing on identity politics and development, it explores the specificities of the regions within states – not merely as politico-administrative constructs but also as conceived in historical, geographic, economic, sociological or cultural terms. Adopting a comparative approach, the book looks at alternative theoretical approaches – the quest for homeland, identity, caste politics and public policy.This second edition includes a new Introduction that updates the research in the area, while further developing the theoretical framework.One of the first major volumes on federalism in India, including studies from across the nation, this book will be indispensable for students and scholars of political science, sociology, history and South Asian studies.