Whilst the greatest effort has been made to ensure the quality of this text, due to the historical nature of this content, in some rare cases there may be minor issues with legibility. Author of this work is conscious that in many places it requires re – writing. He would have wished to re-cast especially many parts of the ‘essays, ‘ and to introduce into them the results of fresh reading and thought. But official duties in India have pre cluded him from attempting such a task, and have obliged him to be content with a bare completion of his commentary, by the addition of notes (such as they are) upon the last four books of the Nicomachean Ethics.