In ‘A Candid Examination of Theism, ‘ George John Romanes embarks on a rigorous analytical journey that challenges the foundations of religious belief through a scientific lens. Romanes employs a clear and accessible literary style, blending philosophical inquiry with empirical examination, which invites readers to reconsider the connection between faith and reason. Addressing classical arguments for the existence of God, he not only critiques traditional theistic doctrines but also explores the limitations and implications of such beliefs in the context of the late 19th-century scientific advancements, particularly drawing on Darwinian evolution. As a notable biologist and a contemporary of Charles Darwin, Romanes was deeply influenced by the scientific revolution of his time and sought to reconcile faith with reason. His background in natural history and personal experiences with the challenges posed by skepticism likely spurred him to undertake this examination of theism, creating a compelling dialogue that reflects the intellectual tensions between science and religion. Romanes’ considerable contributions to psychology and evolutionary biology further establish him as a credible voice in this discourse. For readers intrigued by the intersection of science and spirituality, Romanes’ examination offers valuable insights that provoke deeper reflection on their beliefs. This work not only enhances our understanding of theodicy but also lays a groundwork for modern discussions surrounding theism, making it essential reading for students of philosophy, theology, and the history of science.