Chapter 1 – authors engineered Escherichia coli strains overproducing recombinant enzymes.Chapter 2 – the sp-2 protein possessing antitumor activity from soybean cake was examined.Chapter 3 – analyses of lipid peroxidation demonstrate the absence of authentic pathological changes and their manifestations upon introduction of phytohormone epibrassinolide.Chapter 4 – the practice of lavage and perfusion of wounds and cavities by oxygenated solutions in surgical patients during the early post-operation period for the prevention and treatment of complications.Chapter 5 – the authors discuss a peculiar method for immobilization of the whole non-growing microorganisms by entrapment of microbial biomass into silica xerogel.Chapter 6 – the development of a-galactosidase immobilization on the basis of organosilicone templates with a method of a porous structure formation to product stable preparations with high percent of activity preservation.Chapter 7 – glycolysis was investigated as a source of energy for microbiological synthesis of nucleosidephosphates (ATP, GTP).Chapter 8 – employment of two independent approaches revealed that O-palmitoyl-L-malate does not penetrate through plasma membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells.Chapter 9 – the condition required to receive stable and highly active heterogeneous biocatalysts for the industrial manufacture of functional nutrition products and pharmaceutical preparations. In Chapter 10 – the authors studied thermodynamic aspects of influence of one of the homologues on the conformational stability of lysozyme while in storage of their combined solutions.Chapter 11 – the ultrasonic low-frequency extraction and basic physicochemical properties of flax seed polysaccharides are presented.Chapter 12 – the antioxidant activity of a number of medicinal, synthesized preparations, BAAs and medicinal herbs intended for prophylactic and treatment of illnesses of the cardiac-vascular system, motor organs and digestion tract are evaluated.Chapter 13 – it was shown that the influence of EHF-radiation on spores of microscopic fungi can cause their destruction, while at the same time, vegetative fungi mycelium is not sensible to the influence of this kind of radiation.Chapter 14 – callus induction in the medicinal plants are discussed. Chapter 15 – developed biotechnologies of gonads and germ cell cryoconservation of commercially valuable fish species of the Volga-Caspian basin for the purpose of their genetic preservation are evaluated.Chapter 16 – a combined EOR method is explored, which integrates total effect resulting from oil-washing capacity of surfactant- based systems and activated hydrocarbon-oxidizing reservoir microflora. Chapter 17 – Stimulating effect of polyethylene photoluminescence films on the growth of autochthonous microflora population are examined in oil-polluted soils.