The manuscript takes the gentry of the Ming and Qing Dynasties as the research object, and through the combing of the formation of the gentry class, the essential characteristics of the gentry society, and the decline of the gentry class, it points out that the gentry is the result of the rise and continuous development of the wealthy people’s class. The wealth holders expanded their knowledge to obtain gentry rights and monopolized economic resources under the protection of gentry rights. However, the over-expansion of gentry rights led to an imbalance in the social structure of officials, gentry, and people, coupled with the impact of establishing militia and abolishing the imperial examination, the gentry society eventually died out. Therefore, from a historical perspective, it demonstrates the view that the gentry society is the highest stage of the ancient Chinese wealthy people’s society.
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