Human biological fertility was considered a important issue to anthropologists and colonial administrators in the first part of the 20th century, as a dramatic decline in population was observed in many regions. However, the total demise of Melanesian populations predicted by some never happened; on the contrary, a rapid population increase took place for the second part of the 20th century. This volume explores relationships between human fertility and reproduction, subsistence systems, the symbolic use of ideas of fertility and reproduction in linking landscape to individuals and populations, in Melanesian societies, past and present. It thus offers an important contribution to our understanding of the implications of social and economic change for reproduction and fertility in the broadest sense.
Table des matières
List of Figures and Tables
List of Contributors
Introduction: Population Change, Social Reproduction and Local Understandings of Fertility in Melanesia
Stanley J. Ulijaszek
Chapter 1. Fertility and the Depopulation of Melanesia: Childlessness, Abortion and Introduced Disease in Simbo and Ontong Java, Solomon Islands
Tim Bayliss-Smith
Chapter 2. The Impacts of Colonialism on Health and Fertility: Western New Britain 1884–1940
C. Gosden
Chapter 3. Purari Population Decline and Resurgence across the Twentieth Century
Stanley J. Ulijaszek
Chapter 4. Migration and Fertility of a Small Island Population in Manus: a Long-term Analysis of its Sedentes and Migrants
Yuji Ataka and Ryutaro Ohtsuka
Chapter 5. Fertility and Social Reproduction in the Strickland-Bosavi Region
Monica Minnegal and Peter D. Dwyer
Chapter 6. ‘Emptiness’ and Complementarity in Suau Reproductive Strategies
Melissa Demian
Chapter 7. Cognitive Aspects of Fertility and Reproduction in Lak, New Ireland
Sean Kingston
Chapter 8. History Embodied: Authenticating the Past in the New Guinea Highlands
Michael O’Hanlon
Chapter 9. Variations on a Theme: Fertility, Sexuality and Masculinity in Highland New Guinea
Pascale Bonnemère
Chapter 10. Fertility among the Anga of Papua New Guinea: a Conspicuous Absence
Pierre Lemonnier
Index
A propos de l’auteur
Stanley Ulijaszek is a Professor of Human Ecology at the Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Oxford. He co-authored Nutritional Anthropology (1993) and wrote Human Energetics in Biological Anthropology (1995), and is editor of the Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Growth and Development (1998). He is co-editor of Homo. Journal of Human Comparative Biology and book review editor of the Journal of Biosocial Science.
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