C’est l’histoire d’une femme mal mariée, de son médiocre époux, de ses amants égoïstes et vains, de ses rêves, de ses chimères, de sa mort. C’est l’histoire d’une province étroite, dévote et bourgeoise. C’est, aussi, l’histoire du roman français. Rien, dans ce tableau, n’avait de quoi choquer la société du Second Empire. Mais, inexorable comme une tragédie, flamboyant comme un drame, mordant comme une comédie, le livre s’était donné une arme redoutable : le style. Pour ce vrai crime, Flaubert se retrouva en correctionnelle.
Aucun roman n’est innocent : celui-là moins qu’un autre. Lire Madame Bovary, au XXIe siècle, c’est affronter le scandale que représente une oeuvre aussi sincère qu’impérieuse. Dans chacune de ses phrases, Flaubert a versé une dose de cet arsenic dont Emma Bovary s’empoisonne : c’est un livre offensif, corrosif, dont l’ironie outrage toutes nos valeurs, et la littérature même, qui ne s’en est jamais vraiment remise.
About the author
Gustave Flaubert (December 12, 1821 – May 8, 1880) is counted among the greatest Western novelists. He was born in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, in the Haute-Normandie Region of France.
Flaubert’s curious modes of composition favored and were emphasized by these peculiarities. He worked in sullen solitude, sometimes occupying a week in the completion of one page, never satisfied with what he had composed, violently tormenting his brain for the best turn of a phrase, the most absolutely final adjective. It cannot be said that his incessant labors were not rewarded. His private letters show that he was not one of those to whom easy and correct language is naturally given; he gained his extraordinary perfection with the unceasing sweat of his brow. One of the most severe of academic critics admits that in all his works, and in every page of his works, Flaubert may be considered a model of style.
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