The life and ideas of F.W.J. Schelling are often overlooked in favor of the more familiar Kant, Fichte, or Hegel. What these three lack, however, is Schelling’s evolving view of philosophy. Where others saw the possibility for a single, unflinching system of thought, Schelling was unafraid to question the foundations of his own ideas. In this book, Bruce Matthews argues that the organic view of philosophy is the fundamental idea behind Schelling’s thought. Focusing in particular on Schelling’s early writings, especially on Plato and Kant, Matthews explores Schelling’s idea that any philosophical system must be perspectival and formed by each individual student of philosophy, providing a unique new understanding to an important and often overlooked figure in the history of philosophy.
विषयसूची
Preface
Acknowledgments
Notes on Sources and Abbreviations
1. Life as the Schema of Freedom: Schelling’s
Organic Form of Philosophy
Subjectivism and the Annihilation of Nature
Immanent Reconstruction
Kant and the Categorical Imperative of Unity in Reason
Plato’s o(do/j and the Eternal Form of Philosophy
Organic Unity and Nature’s Redemption
Ideas
in situ: Embedded Thought
2. Beginnings: Theosophy and Nature Divine
The Acculturation of a Prophet of Nature
The Discipline of Language and Actuality of the Past
The Tradition of Pietism: Freedom as the Unmediated
Experience of the Divine
Halfway between Tradition and the Enlightenment: Theosophy and the Divinity of Nature
Oetinger’s Genetic Epistemology and the Unmediated Knowing of the
Zentralerkenntnis
Divinity as Freedom in Nature: The Priority of Freedom over Wisdom
Schelling’s Eulogy and the System of Philipp Matthäus Hahn(1739–1790)
A Theology of Life
Procreative Logic: Hahn’s “
ordo generativus”
Systema Infl uxus: The Immanent Harmony of the Trichotomy of Body, Soul, and Mind
Life in the Anticipation of the Eschaton: The Prophet of Freedom and Nature Divine
Schelling’s Eulogy of Hahn(1790)and the Passing of the Flame of Prophecy
Prophet of the New Religion of Nature: Matter Spiritualized
3. The Question of Systematic Unity
Systematic Unity and the
Urform of Reason
Life Is the Schema of Freedom: The Will of Desire and the Causality of Freedom
The Antinomy of Aesthetic Judgment
The Unity of the Ideas of Reason and the Transcendental Ideal as the Form of Forms
Transcendental Modality: Unity as
Grundsatz of Reason
Weltbegriffe and
Naturbegriffe: The Limits of a Mathematical World in the Face of the “
Absolute Selbsttätigkeit” of Nature
The
Urform of Reason: ai( suna/pasai e)pisth=mai
The Logical Visage: The
Prinzipien of Unity, Manifoldness, and Continuity
The Idea of the Maximum as the
Analogon of the Schemafor the “
Prinzipien der Vernunft”
The Transcendental Ideas: The Figurative Guarantors of Reason’s Extension
Aesthetic Ideas, the Sublime, and the Internal Intuition of the Supersensible Ground
Genius: Autoepistemic Organ of Nature?
4. The
Timaeus Commentary
To Seek the Divine in Nature
Schelling’s Commentary on the
Timaeus
The Divine Ideas of Reason to/ kalo/n as the Ideal of Unity and Completeness
The World Soul as “The Ideal of the World”: Organic Life as a Principle of Systematic Unity
Immanent Preestablished Harmony: The Condition of Possibility of
Einheit
The Ideas: Existence Is Not a Predicate
The Threefold Form of All Knowing
Plato’s
Urform
5. On the Possibility of a Form of All Philosophy: The
Form Essay
Schelling’s Original Insight
The
Urform of All Forms
Kant’s Progressive Method: The Removal of the Time Condition as the Condition of Comprehending an Absolute Magnitude
Reciprocal Establishment of the
Urform
The Progressive Method of Disjunctive Identity
The
Urform of Relation
Philological Justification
Epistemic Positionality and the Removal of the Time-Condition
Form of Being Unconditionally Posited: ‘I = I’
Form of the Conditioned:
Nicht Ich =
Nicht Ich (
Nichtich ≠
Ich)
Form of Conditionality Determined by Unconditionality = Consciousness
Disjunctive Identity
6. Freedom and the Construction of Philosophy
The Dynamic Process: Producing the System of Identity
The Self
Versetzt: Freedom as the Postulate of Philosophy
The Method of Construction:
Einbildung as the
In-Eins-Bildung of Duality
Problematic: All Philosophy Is Construction
An Aesthetic Philosophy
The Construction of the Self: Theoretical Philosophy and Unconscious Nature
First Epoch: Productive Intuition of Sensation through the Restriction of the Past
Second Epoch: Transition from Blind Intuition to Reflection through the Restriction of the Present
Third Epoch: From Reflection to the Absolute Act of the Will
The Derivation of the Categories from Time
Transition to Practical Philosophy: The Absolute Act of the Will
Time and Historicity
The Tense of the Absolute: Futurity
The Endless Process
Appendix “Eulogy Sung at Hahn’s Grave”
Notes
Index
लेखक के बारे में
Bruce Matthews is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Bard High School Early College. He is translator of Schelling’s
The Grounding of Positive Philosophy: The Berlin Lectures, also published by SUNY Press.
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