Ian Simmons & John W Day 
Environmental Sciences [PDF ebook] 
A Student′s Companion

Unique in the reference literature, this Companion provides students with an introduction to all the major concepts and contemporary issues in the environmental sciences. The text is divided into six sections (Environmental Sciences, Environments, Paradigms and Concepts, Processes and Dynamic, Scales and Techniques, Environmental Issues), with over 200 entries alphabetically organized and authored by key names in the environmental science disciplines.

Entries are concise, informative, richly visual and fully referenced and cross referenced. They introduce key concepts and processes that are included in the index, cite relevant websites, and reflect the latest thinking.

विषयसूची

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Introduction

Anthropology

Archaeology

Atmospheric sciences

Biogeography

Biology

Cartography

Climatology

Earth system science

Ecology

Ecosystem

Environmental chemistry

Environmental sciences

Genetics

Geoarchaeology

Geochemistry

Geology

Geomorphology

Glacial geomorphology

Glaciology

Human ecology

Human Geography

Hydrology

Landscape architecture

Limnology

Meteorology

Microclimate

Oceanography

Palaeoecology

Palaeogeography

Pedology

Physical geography

Physiology

Seismology

Soil science

ENVIRONMENTS

Introduction

Antarctic environment

Anthropogenic impact, Noosphere

Arctic environments

Arid zones/Deserts

Atmosphere

Biomes

Biosphere

Climate classfication

Climate zones

Coasts

Cryosphere

Deltas

Earth spheres

Earth structure

Estuarine environments

Fluvial environments

Fossil fuels

Glacial environments

Glaciers

Hydrosphere

Karst

Lithosphere

Periglacial environments

Permafrost

Soil profiles

Stratigraphy

Temperate environments

Tropical environments

Troposphere

Urban environments

Vegetation and its classification

PARADIGMS/CONCEPTS

Introduction

Biocomplexity

Biodiversity/functional biodiversity

Biogeochemical cycles

Biomass

Catastrophism

Catastrophe theory

Chaos theory

Cultures

Cycles

Diaspora

Environment

Environmentalism

Epistemology

Equifinality

Equilbrium

Ergodicity

Estuarine dependent or related species

Evolution

Gaia hypothesis

General circulation models

Greenhouse effect

Habitat of coastal and marine fishes

Hazards

Holism

Landscape

Landsystems approach

Modernism

Natural resources

Nature

Ocean circulation

Paradigms

Perception

Philosophy of science

Place, sense of

Postmodernism

Process-form relationships

Pulsing

Reductionism

Self-design

Systems: Thoery, approach and analysis

Thresholds

Uniformitarianism

PROCESSES AND DYNAMICS

Introduction

Acid rain

Albedo

Animal behaviour

Carbon cycle

Drainage basins

Earthquakes

Earth surface processes

El Nino southern oscillation

Energetics

Energy

Energy flux

Energy and mass balance

Environmental change

Erosion rates

Floods

Geochemical cycles

Hydrological cycle

Lakes

Minerals

Natural production mechanisms of marine Fisheries

Nitrogen cycle

Plate tectonics

Power and Energy

Precipitation

Productivity

Radiation balance of the Earth

River systems

Rock types

Soil Management

Solar radiation

Tectonics

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering

Wetlands

SCALES AND TECHNIQUES

Introduction

Aesthetics

Biological oxygen demand

Climate modeling

Cost benefit analysis

Dating techniques, Radiometric and Isotopic dating

Ecosystem approach

Ecotechnology

Expert systems

Field studies and surveying in Geology

Fossil record

Fossils and Palaeontology

GIS

Global circulation models (GCM′s)

Geologic time

Glaciations

GPS

Holocene

Ice cores

Isotopic dating

Land evaluation

Landscape ecology

Modeling

Pleistocene

Quaternary

Radiometric dating

Remote sensing

Rock classification

Sea level change

Timescales, Geologic

UN programmes

Vegetation and its classification

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Introduction

Agenda 21

Climate change

Climate forcing and feedbacks

Climate sensitivity

Coastal management

Conservation of natural resources

Deforestation

Desertification

Disasters

Ecological engineering

Ecological integrity

Ecosystem-based management

Energy scarcity

Environmental ethics

Environmental impact assessment

Environmental law

Environmental management

Environmental perception

Environmental policy

Environmental values

Fire

Fishery management

Genetic modification (GM)

Geothermal energy

Global change

Global conventions and treaties

Global dimming

Global warming

Human impacts on environment

Integrated basin management

Integrated coastal and marine management

Limits to growth

Ozone depletion

Pollution of air and water

Population growth

Recycling

Renewable energy

Resource depletion

Restoration of ecosystems

Risk-based management

Risk assessment

Sensitivity

Sustainability

Sustainable development

Thermohaline circulation

Waste management

Water resources

Zoos, Botanical Gardens and museums

लेखक के बारे में

Anthony Brazel is a retired geographer and climatologist who has written over 100 professional articles and reports on climate, focusing primarily at the local and regional scale. He has served as Laboratory of Climatology Director from 1979-1988, Arizona′s governor-appointed State slimatologist from 1979-1999, geography departmental chair from 1991-1997, and manager of the Southwest Center for Environmental Research and Policy through the Center for Environmental Studies from 2001 to 2003. He is former member of the Board of Urban Environments of the American Meteorological Society and current member of the scholarship committee of the International Association on Urban Climate. He is a Fellow of American Association of the Advancement of Science and editor of the Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science.