KO-PEN WANG, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. ATUL C. MEHTA, MD, FACP, FCCP, Professor of Medicine, Buoncore Family Endowed Chair in Lung Transplantation, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. J. FRANCIS TURNER, JR., MD, FACP, FCCP, FCCM, Professor, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA; National Supercomputing Institute, University of Nevada, NV, USA.