विषयसूची
Tables, Figures, and Features
Preface
About the Authors
Chapter 1 • Introduction
Research on Income Inequality
Politics and the Gender Gap
The Case of Italian (Non) Tax ...
विषयसूची
Tables, Figures, and Features
Preface
About the Authors
Chapter 1 • Introduction
Research on Income Inequality
Politics and the Gender Gap
The Case of Italian (Non) Tax Compliance
Protests and Repression in New Democracies
The Observer Effect in International Politics: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Chapter 2 • The Empirical Approach to Political Science
Elements of Empiricism
The Importance of Theory
A Brief Overview of the Empirical Research Process
Reactions to the Empirical Approach: Practical Objections
Competing Points of View
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 3 • Beginning the Research Process: Identifying a Research Topic, Developing Research Questions, and Reviewing the Literature
Specifying the Research Question
Sources of Ideas for Research Topics
Why Conduct a Literature Review?
Collecting Sources for a Literature Review
Writing a Literature Review
Anatomy of a Literature Review
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 4 • The Building Blocks of Social Scientific Research: Hypotheses, Concepts, Variables, and Measurement
Proposing Explanations
Formulating Hypotheses
Defining Concepts
Devising Measurement Strategies
The Accuracy of Measurements
The Precision of Measurements
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 5 • Sampling
The Basics of Sampling
How Do We Use a Sample to Learn About a Population?
Sampling Methods
Types of Samples
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 6 • Research Design: Establishing Causation
Verifying Causal Assertions
Qualitative and Quantitative Methods and Analysis: Causes-of-Effects and Effects-of-Causes Approaches
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 7 • Qualitative Research: Case Study Designs
Case Study Methods
Case Study Types
Using Cases to Explore Causal Mechanisms: Process Tracing
Generalizing from Cases Studies
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 8 • Making Empirical Observations: Qualitative Analysis
Types of Data and Collection Techniques
Data Collection in Qualitative Research
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 9 • Quantitative Research Designs
Randomized Experimental Designs
Natural Experiments
Nonrandomized Designs: Quasi-Experiments
Observational Studies
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 10 • Quantitative Methods
The Wide Variety of Quantitative Projects
Sources of Data for Quantitative Studies
Data Management
Ethical Concerns with Quantitative Methods
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 11 • Making Sense of Data: First Steps
The Data Matrix
Descriptive Statistics
Graphs for Presentation and Exploration
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 12 • Testing Relationships
The Normal Distribution and z Scores
Confidence Intervals
Hypothesis Testing
Testing a Relationship with Two Samples
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 13 • Analyzing Relationships for Categorical Data
The Basics of Identifying and Measuring Relationships
Table Summaries of Categorical Variable Associations
Measuring Strength of Relationships in Tables
Measures of Association: Statistics for Reporting the Strength of Relationships in Tables
Chi Square Test for Independence
Multivariate Analysis of Categorical Data
Analysis of Variance: Analyzing the Difference between Means for More Than Two Means
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 14 • Regression
Logic of Regression
Minimizing the Sum of the Squared Error
The Linear Regression Model
Maximum Likelihood Models for Dichotomous Dependent Variables
Conclusion
Terms Introduced
Suggested Readings
Chapter 15 • The Research Report: An Annotated Example
Annotated Research Report Example
Appendixes
Appendix A: Normal Curve Tail Probabilities
Appendix B: Critical Values from t Distribution
Appendix C: Chi-Squared Distribution Values for Various Right-Tail Probabilities
Appendix D: F Distribution
Glossary
Index
