In antiquity and the Middle Ages, memory was a craft, and certain actions and tools were thought to be necessary for its creation and recollection. Until now, however, many of the most important visual and textual sources on the topic have remained untranslated or otherwise difficult to consult. Mary Carruthers and Jan M. Ziolkowski bring together the texts and visual images from the twelfth through the fifteenth centuries that are central to an understanding of memory and memory technique. These sources are now made available for a wider audience of students of medieval and early modern history and culture and readers with an interest in memory, mnemonics, and the synergy of text and image.
The art of memory was most importantly associated in the Middle Ages with composition, and those who practiced the craft used it to make new prayers, sermons, pictures, and music. The mixing of visual and verbal media was commonplace throughout medieval cultures: pictures contained visual puns, words were often verbal paintings, and both were used equally as tools for making thoughts. The ability to create pictures in one’s own mind was essential to medieval cognitive technique and imagination, and the intensely pictorial and affective qualities of medieval art and literature were generative, creative devices in themselves.
विषयसूची
General Introduction
Selection 1. Hugh of St. Victor, The Three Best Memory Aids for Learning History
Selection 2. Hugh of St. Victor, A Little Book About Constructing Noah’s Ark
Selection 3. The Guidonian Hand
Selection 4. [Alan of Lille], On the Six Wings of the Seraph
Selection 5. Boncompagno da Signa, On Memory
Selection 6. Albertus Magnus, Commentary on Aristotle, On Memory and Recollection
Selection 7. Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Aristotle, On Memory and Recollection
Selection 8. Francesc Eiximenis, On Two Kinds of Order That Aid Understanding and Memory
Selection 9. Thomas Bradwardine, On Acquiring a Trained Memory
Selection 10. John of Metz, The Tower of Wisdom
Selection 11. Jacobus Publicius, The Art of Memory
Selection 12. Anonymous, A Method for Recollecting the Gospels
Appendix. Two texts on Rhetorical Memoria from Late Antiquity
Consultus Fortunatianus, On Memory
C. Julius Victor, On Memory
General Bibliography
List of Contributors
Index
Acknowledgments
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Mary Carruthers is Professor Emeritus of English at New York University. She is author of The Book of Memory: A Study of Memory in Medieval Culture and The Craft of Thought: Rhetoric, Meditation, and the Making of Images, 400-1200. Jan M. Ziolkowski is Arthur Kingsley Porter Professor of Medieval Latin at Harvard University and editor of Obscenity: Social Control and Artistic Creation in the European Middle Ages.
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