लेखक: Valérie Schafer

Valérie Schafer is a Professor in Contemporary European History at the C²DH (Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History) at the University of Luxembourg and an Associate Researcher at the Centre for Internet and Society (CIS – CNRS UPR 2000). Her main research interests are the history of the Internet and the Web, the history of European digital cultures and infrastructures, and born-digital heritage (especially Web archives). She is the principal investigator of the HIVI project (2021–2024), which is supported by the Luxembourg National Research Fund (C20/SC/14758148) and dedicated to the history of online virality. She is on the editorial board of the journals Le Temps des Médias, Flux, IEEE. Annals of the history of computing, Journal of Digital History and Cahiers François Viète　and is a co-founder of the journal Internet Histories. Digital Technology, Culture and Society (Taylor & Francis). She is one of the co-editors of the book Digital Roots (De Gruyter, 2021). Fred Pailler holds a Ph D in media studies (University of Nantes, 2019) and has a background in sociology and ethnography. He has extensive experience in conducting combined ethnographies, surveys and computer-assisted content analysis. His research focuses primarily on infrastructures, uses of digital social platforms, and controversies related to labour, health, gender and sexuality in the digital context. He joined the HIVI project at C2DH in April 2021 as a post-doctoral researcher for two years (https://hivi.uni.lu).