Interest in surgical research was a decisive factor in the surgical advances seen in the 20th century. From the "stormy petrel" of surgery (John B. Murphy) to the pioneering Mayo brothers and the gifted surgeons who revolutionized cardiac surgery (Drs. Blalock, De Bakey, both Lilleheis, and Wangensteen), surgeons have advanced their practice by carefully planned and conducted studies. The principles of surgical research formulated by these leaders still pertain to the many challenges of contemporary surgery. Research results have a direct benefit when applied to the clinical sciences and patient care. Procedures that were once extraordinary, such as open-heart surgery, are now almost routine. Knowing that research is the basis for evidence-based medicine makes it obvious that interest in research facilitates the understanding and application of evidence-based principles. Principles of Research: From Idea to Publication draws on Dr. Toledo-Pereyra’s extensive experience as a surgeon, teacher, researcher, and research director to present profiles of accomplished scientists who exemplify the best traditions of surgical research.