Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám is the title that Edward Fitz Gerald gave to his 1859 translation from Farsi to English of a selection of quatrains attributed to Omar Khayyam (1048–1131), dubbed ‘the Astronomer-Poet of Persia’.
Fitz Gerald’s work at first was unsuccessful commercially. But it was popularised from 1861 onward by Whitley Stokes, and the work came to be greatly admired by the Pre-Raphaelites in England. In 1872 Fitz Gerald had a third edition printed, which increased interest in the work in the United States of America. By the 1880s, the book was extremely well known throughout the English-speaking world, to the extent that numerous ‘Omar Khayyam Clubs’ were formed and there was a ‘fin de siècle cult of the Rubaiyat’. Fitz Gerald’s work has been published in several hundred editions, and it has inspired similar translation efforts in English and in many other languages.
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