Genital Skin and Urethral Anatomy.- Vascular Anatomy of Genital Skin and the Urethra: Implications for Urethral Reconstruction.- Lichen Sclerosus.- Imaging of the Male Urethra.- Techniques in Tissue Transfer: Plastic Surgery for the Urologist.- Epidemiology, Etiology, Histology, Classification, and Economic Impact of Urethral Stricture Disease.- Urethrotomy and Other Minimally Invasive Interventions for Urethral Stricture.- Endourethral Prostheses for Urethral Stricture.- Fossa Navicularis and Meatal Reconstruction.- Stricture Excision and Primary Anastomosis for Anterior Urethral Strictures.- Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty.- Lingual Mucosa and Posterior Auricular Skin Grafts.- Augmented Anastomotic Urethroplasty.- Penile Skin Flaps for Urethral Reconstruction.- Panurethral Strictures.- The Combined Use of Fasciocutaneous, Muscular and Myocutaneous Flaps and Graft Onlays in Urethral Reconstruction.- Posterior Urethral Strictures.- Staged Urethroplasty.- Complications of Urethroplasty.- Postprostatectomy Strictures.- Urethral Stricture and Urethroplasty in the Pelvic Irradiated Patient.- Complex Rectourinary and Vesicoperineal Fistulas.- Reconstruction of Failed Urethroplasty.- Urethral Stent Complications and Methods for Explantation.- Reoperative Hypospadias Surgery and Management of Complications.- Use of Omentum in Urethral Reconstruction.- Female Urethral Reconstruction.- Follow-up Strategies After Urethral Stricture Treatment.- General Technical Considerations and Decision Making in Urethroplasty Surgery.- Tissue Engineering of the Urethra.- History of Urethral Stricture and Its Management From the 18th to 20th Century.