Francesco Bandarin & Ron van Oers 
The Historic Urban Landscape [EPUB ebook] 
Managing Heritage in an Urban Century

Preface: A new approach to urban conservation vii
Acknowledgements xxi
Abbreviations and Acronyms xxiii
1. Urban Conservation: Short History of a Modern Idea
1
The Origins of Urban Conservation: Between Engineering and
Romanticism 1
The Historic City as Heritage 10
Fracture: the Modern Movement versus the Historic City 15
Out of Modernism: New Approaches to Urban Conservation 23
2. Urban Conservation as International Public Policy
37
Urban Conservation Policies after the Second World War 37
Urban Conservation in International Charters and
Standard-Setting Instruments 39
Regional Charters 50
Rethinking Urban Conservation 61
Towards a New Urban Conservation Paradigm 65
The Historic Urban Landscape Approach 72
3. The Changing Context of Urban Heritage Management
75
Introducing External and Internal Forces of Change 75
Exponential Increase in Urbanisation on a Global Scale 76
Environmental Concerns and the Sustainability of Urban
Development 81
The Impact of Climate Change 89
The Changing Role of Cities as Drivers of Development 93
The Emergence of the Tourism Industry 99
Broadening Perceptions and Urban Heritage Values 105
The Management of Change 108
4. New Actors and Approaches to Urban Heritage
Management 113
The Contemporary Context of Urban Heritage Management 113
The Emergence of a New Urban Strategy 114
Urban Strategies of International Institutions 134
5. Expanding the Toolkit for Management of the Urban
Environment 143
Urban Heritage Management: Actors and Tools 143
Regulatory Systems 145
Community Engagement Tools 154
Technical Tools 159
Financial Tools 171
6. The Historic Urban Landscape: Preserving Heritage
in an Urban Century 175
The Historic City Meets Globalisation 175
The Contemporary Reflection on the City 182
Integrating Heritage Conservation and Urban Development 186
Historic Urban Landscape: a Tool for the Management of Change
188
Epilogue 191
Annex 1. Note on the Development of the Historic Urban
Landscape Approach 195
Annex 2. The 2005 Vienna Memorandum 203
Annex 3. The UNESCO Recommendation on the Historic Urban
Landscape 209
Bibliography 217
Index 229

Francesco Bandarin is the Assistant Director-General for
Culture of UNESCO, formerly the Director of the UNESCO World
Heritage Centre and the Secretary of the World Heritage Committee.
He is trained as an Architect (Venice 1975) and Urban Planner (UC
Berkeley 1977) and has pursued an academic career as Professor of
Urban Planning at the University of Venice (IUAV) and a
professional career as consultant for international organizations
in the field of urban conservation and development. He has been
actively involved in the Venice Safeguarding Project and in the
preparation of Rome for the year 2000 Jubilee. As Director of the
World Heritage Centre he has promoted the revision of the UNESCO
recommendation on historic cities and has contributed to
development of the debate on the role of contemporary architecture
in historic cities, on the management of their social and physical
changes and on the role of communities in the conservation of
historic values.
Ron van Oers is Vice Director, World Heritage Institute
of Training and Research for Asia and the Pacific (WHITRAP). He was
formerly Programme Specialist for Culture at the UNESCO World
Heritage Centre, coordinating the World Heritage Cities Programme
and the international effort to develop new guidelines for urban
conservation, which were adopted as the 2011 Recommendation on the
Historic Urban Landscape. He is trained as an Urban Planner (Delft
1993) and received his doctorate (Ph D, Delft 2000) on a research
into the principles of Dutch colonial town planning (published as
book). He is the Founding Editor (together with Dr. Ana
Pereira-Roders) of the Journal of Cultural Heritage Management
and Sustainable Development (JCHMSD), published by Emerald
Group Publishing (UK) and a Member of the Editorial Advisory Board
of Change Over Time: International Journal of
Conservation and the Built Environment, published by Penn
Press, University of Pennsylvania’s School of Design
(USA).