In ‘The Ninety-Five Theses, ‘ Martin Luther presents a groundbreaking challenge to the ecclesiastical authority of the Catholic Church, focusing particularly on the sale of indulgences. Written in 1517, this seminal work employs a sharp, polemical style that combines theological rigor with a compelling rhetorical flair, reflecting the growing sentiment of discontent within the Church at the dawn of the Reformation. Luther’s theses articulate a radical shift in understanding salvation, emphasizing faith over works and the authority of Scripture over church tradition, thus laying the intellectual foundation for Protestant theology and igniting a movement that would reshape the landscape of Christianity. Martin Luther, a German monk and theologian, emerged from a background deeply immersed in scholastic thought and biblical studies. His personal struggle with the question of salvation and his experiences within the church fueled his desire for reform. His disillusionment with the pervasive corruption and the commodification of faith led him to articulate his theses, initiating a theological revolution that resonated widely across Europe and altered the course of Western history. ‘The Ninety-Five Theses’ is an essential read for anyone seeking to understand the roots of Protestant reform and the profound impact of Luther’s ideas on modern Christianity. It is not only a document of its time but also a vital exploration of faith’s complexities, making it indispensable for scholars, theologians, and anyone interested in the history of religious thought.