Paul Hindemith 
Elementary Training for Musicians [PDF ebook] 

Preface – Quarter-notes, half-notes, and whole-notes (and rests) – High, medium, and low tones – 2/4 and 4/4 meters – G-clef, and tones f’, g’, a’, b’ – Eighth-notes and sixteenth-notes – Tones e’ and c’ – 3/4 meter, dotted half-notes, ties – Tones d’ and c’; octave; ledger lines; one- and two-lined octaves – Slurs; syllable division; up-beats; dynamic accents – Dotted quarter- and eighth-notes (and rests) – Small octave; major scale; # and natural; diatonic and chromatic half-tones; key signatures – Time-signatures of simple meters having the denominators 1, 2, 8, and 16; indications for slow and moderate tempi; brevis and dotted whole-notes – Three- and four-lined octaves; b – Double-dotted notes (and rests); thirty-second- and sixty-fourth-notes; indications for fast tempi – Bass clef; great octave; intervals; perfect fifth and fourth; inversions – Metric accents; meter and rhythm; cundoctors’ patterns for beating time; syncopation; compound meters – Contra octrave and sub-contra octave; major and minor thirds and sixths; transposition – Triplets and other divisions by factors not implied in the time-signatures – Major and minor seconds and sevenths – Indications for changing tempi – Meters with signatures having the numerators 5, 7, etc. and corresponding patterns for beating time – Alto clef; augmented and diminished intervals; prime or unson; x and bb; enharmonic transcription; circle of fifths, circle of fourths – Indications of dynamics and expressions – Musical Form – Tenor clef; intervals exceeding the octave; doubly diminshed or augmented intervals; minor scale (all forms); Church Modes; relative major and minor; signatures of minor keys – Abbreviations; rests longer than one measure; ornaments; marks of articulation; chromatic scale – Preface to Part Two – Dictations (incl. discussion of ‘absolute pitch’) – Index