Rochelle Schuler 
Federal Grant-Making to Women in STEM Research Fields [PDF ebook] 
Analysis and Representation Proposals

In fiscal year 2014, U.S. universities received nearly $25 billion in federal grant funding for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) research. Studies show women are largely underrepresented in STEM fields. Federal agencies are required to enforce Title IX-a law prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex in education programs receiving any federal financial assistance-including at universities they fund. GAO was asked to provide information on federal grant-making to women in STEM. This book examines the extent to which differences exist in federal grant awards between women and men in STEM fields; the extent to which federal agencies enforce Title IX at universities they fund for STEM research; and possible actions federal agencies could take to address the representation of women in STEM research.