Insightful observations on common question evaluation methods
and best practices for data collection in survey research
Featuring contributions from leading researchers and
academicians in the field of survey research, Question
Evaluation Methods: Contributing to the Science of Data Quality
sheds light on question response error and introduces an
interdisciplinary, cross-method approach that is essential for
advancing knowledge about data quality and ensuring the credibility
of conclusions drawn from surveys and censuses. Offering a variety
of expert analyses of question evaluation methods, the book
provides recommendations and best practices for researchers working
with data in the health and social sciences.
Based on a workshop held at the National Center for Health
Statistics (NCHS), this book presents and compares various question
evaluation methods that are used in modern-day data collection and
analysis. Each section includes an introduction to a method by a
leading authority in the field, followed by responses from other
experts that outline related strengths, weaknesses, and underlying
assumptions. Topics covered include:
* Behavior coding
* Cognitive interviewing
* Item response theory
* Latent class analysis
* Split-sample experiments
* Multitrait-multimethod experiments
* Field-based data methods
A concluding discussion identifies common themes across the
presented material and their relevance to the future of survey
methods, data analysis, and the production of Federal statistics.
Together, the methods presented in this book offer researchers
various scientific approaches to evaluating survey quality to
ensure that the responses to these questions result in reliable,
high-quality data.
Question Evaluation Methods is a valuable supplement for courses
on questionnaire design, survey methods, and evaluation methods at
the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. it also serves as a
reference for government statisticians, survey methodologists, and
researchers and practitioners who carry out survey research in the
areas of the social and health sciences.
Table of Content
Contributors ix
Preface xi
1 Introduction 1
Jennifer Madans, Kristen Miller, Aaron Maitland, and Gordon
Willis
I BEHAVIOR CODING 5
2 Coding the Behavior of Interviewers and Respondents to
Evaluate Survey Questions 7
Floyd J. Fowler, Jr.
3 Response 1 to Fowler’s Chapter: Coding the Behavior
of Interviewers and Respondents to Evaluate Survey Questions
23
Nora Cate Schaeffer and Jennifer Dykema
4 Response 2 to Fowler’s Chapter: Coding the Behavior
of Interviewers and Respondents to Evaluate Survey Questions
41
Alisú Schoua-Glusberg
II COGNITIVE INTERVIEWING 49
5 Cognitive Interviewing 51
Kristen Miller
6 Response 1 to Miller’s Chapter: Cognitive
Interviewing 77
Gordon Willis
7 Response 2 to Miller’s Chapter: Cognitive
Interviewing 93
Frederick G. Conrad
III ITEM RESPONSE THEORY 103
8 Applying Item Response Theory for Questionnaire Evaluation
105
Bryce B. Reeve
9 Response 1 to Reeve’s Chapter: Applying Item Response
Theory for Questionnaire Evaluation 125
Ron D. Hays
10 Response 2 to Reeve’s Chapter: Applying Item
Response Theory for Questionnaire Evaluation 137
Clyde Tucker, Brian Meekins, Jennifer Edgar, and Paul P.
Biemer
IV LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS 151
11 Some Issues in the Application of Latent Class Models for
Questionnaire Design 153
Paul P. Biemer and Marcus Berzofsky
12 Response 1 to Biemer and Berzofsky’s Chapter: Some
Issues in the Application of Latent Class Models for Questionnaire
Design 187
Frauke Kreuter
13 Response 2 to Biemer and Berzofsky’s Chapter: Some
Issues in the Application of Latent Class Models for Questionnaire
Design 199
Janet A. Harkness and Timothy P. Johnson
V SPLIT-SAMPLE EXPERIMENTS 213
14 Experiments for Evaluating Survey Questions 215
Jon A. Krosnick
15 Response 1 to Krosnick’s Chapter: Experiments for
Evaluating Survey Questions 239
Johnny Blair
16 Response 2 to Krosnick’s Chapter: Experiments for
Evaluating Survey Questions 253
Theresa De Maio and Stephanie Willson
VI MULTITRAIT-MULTIMETHOD EXPERIMENTS 263
17 Evaluating the Reliability and Validity of Survey
Interview Data Using the MTMM Approach 265
Duane F. Alwin
18 Response to Alwin’s Chapter: Evaluating the
Reliability and Validity of Survey Interview Data Using the MTMM
Approach 295
Peter Ph. Mohler
VII FIELD-BASED DATA METHODS 319
19 Using Field Tests to Evaluate Federal Statistical Survey
Questionnaires 321
Brian A. Harris-Kojetin and James M. Dahlhamer
Index 345
About the author
JENNIFER MADANS, Ph D, is Associate Director for Science at
the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). She has published
numerous papers in the areas of health status measurement, chronic
disease epidemiology, and aging.
KRISTEN MILLER, Ph D, is Director of the Question Design
Research Laboratory at the NCHS. She currently oversees the
question evaluation research program and designs and implements
research projects on data quality and comparability in the health
sciences.
AARON MAITLAND, MS, is Statistician at the Question
Design Research Laboratory at the NCHS, where he is the
administrator of Q-Bank, the agency’s online database of question
evaluation reports for Federal surveys.
GORDON WILLIS, Ph D, is a Cognitive Psychologist at the
Applied Research Program in the Division of Cancer Control and
Population Sciences at the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Willis
has more than twenty years of experience in planning, conducting,
and reporting of all phases of cognitive laboratory research.
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