The hallmark of insulin resistance is an obstacle to glucose uptake, resulting in hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing worldwide and is becoming an important health problem. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of insulin resistance including: the pathophysiological basis for antioxidant therapy of insulin resistance; new insight into the regulation of insulin resistance; burn injury and its association with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia which complicates clinical management; and lipoprotein lipase and its role in insulin resistance.