This continuing series gathers and presents original research results on the leading edge of medicine and biology. Each article has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial topical data across a broad spectrum. Topics discussed in this compilation include independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia as a rare cause of Cushing’s Syndrome; the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome; language and literacy in preterm children; unexplained and iron deficiency anemia; adrenaline use in gastrointestinal endoscopy; supplementation with thyroid hormone in cardiac surgery; hormone replacement therapy; juvenile idiopathic arthritis and Short Bowel Syndrome..