This book is comprised of eight chapters, each of which describes a recent advancement in the field of health and disease. Chapter One discusses the opportunities created by technological advancement for treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Chapter Two presents a review of the last five years of pharmacological development related to treatment of high uric acid levels in blood and gout. Chapter Three describes the patterns of behavior that put adolescents at risk for developing obesity or overweight and details prevention and treatment methods. Chapter Four describes principle complications and their management associated with endoscopic sinus surgery. Chapter Five proposes a review of classification of transphenoidal skull base approaches and shows the main transnasal corridors to the sphenoid sinus based on the anatomical sphenoidal target and extension of pathology. Chapter Six discusses the minimally invasive sinus technique and the differences between it and functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Chapter Seven evaluates the efficacy and safety of prolonged low-dose clarithromycin therapy in patients with chronic polyp rhinosinusitis after endoscopic breast surgery. Finally, Chapter Eight evaluates the usefulness of computer-assisted navigation in endoscopic sinus surgery.