This book presents a proposal to better define thematic relations by exploring the relation between language and cognition. It analyzes the relation between grammatically defined roles such as agent and patient (semantic roles), and elaborate thematic relations (ETRs) actually accessible to language users. It shows that many phenomena previously analyzed as grammatical can be described in a more simple and convenient way by postulating direct connection between syntactic complements and cognitive relations present in the schema evoked by the verb.
The volume focuses on a topic which has been the object of much discussion in the recent literature, namely the definition and delimitation of semantic roles, proposing new solutions to some important theoretical and practical problems in the description of the lexicogrammatical structure of languages, and in particular of verb valency. It shows that in many cases a direct relation can be established between morphosyntactic units andfunctions, on one hand, and ETRs, on the other, without the intermediation of grammatically defined semantic roles. This makes it possible to analyze thematic relations that have been traditionally problematic, such as the patient, in a linguistically simple and cognitively well-motivated way.
Thematic Relations – A Study in the Grammar-Cognition Interface will be a useful resource for practicing linguists working on the analysis of natural languages, in particular on verb valency; verb subcategorization and thematic structure; semantic (thematic) roles, their definition and syntactic coding; the relation between grammatical structure and cognitive schemata (frames); and the structure of the lexicon.
Table of Content
1 Introduction.- Part I: Grammar and cognition.- 2 Language and cognition.- 3 Semantic role elaboration.- 4 Notes on methodology.- Part II: Valency.- 5 Valency.- 6 The limits of valency.- 7 Assignment by default.- 8 Thematic potential.- 9 Prototypes and prototype rules.- 10 ETRs and semantic roles.- Part III: Descriptive application.- 11 What is a Patient?.- 12 Experiencer, Theme, Goal, and Patient.- 13 Case studies.- 14 Apology of the lexicon.- 15 Results and conclusions.
About the author
Mário A. Perini is Professor Emeritus of Linguistics at Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil. He has taught at Campinas University (UNICAMP), Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais (PUCMinas), University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign), and University of Mississippi (Oxford). His current research deals with general and Portuguese lexicology, semantics and syntax, in a cognitive perspective. This is his sixteenth published book, all in the areas of linguistics and language teaching; the list includes:
Modern Portuguese: a reference grammar (2002. Yale University Press);
Talking Brazilian: a Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation workbook (2004. Yale University Press);
A língua do Brasil amanhã e outros mistérios (2004. Parábola Editorial);
Princípios de linguística descritiva: introdução ao
pensamento gramatical (2006. Parábola Editorial);
Describing verb valency: practical
and theoretical issues. (2015. Springer);
Gramática descritiva do português brasileiro (2016. Editora Vozes);
Sintaxe (2019, Parábola Editorial).
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