Andrew Shail 
Origins of the Film Star System [PDF ebook] 
Persona, Publicity and Economics in Early Cinema

Drawing on a wide range of archival sources, Andrew Shail traces the emergence of film stardom in Europe and North America in the early 20th century. Modifying and supplementing Richard de Cordova’s account of the birth of the US star system, Shail describes the complex set of economic circumstances that led film studios and actors to consent to the adoption of a star system. He then explores the film industry’s turn, from 1908, to making character-based series films. He details how these characters both prefigured and precipitated the star system, demonstrating that series characters and the ‘firmament’ of film stars are functionally equivalent, and shows how openly fictional characters still provide the model for ‘real’ film stars.