This book describes nerve agents and vesicants, their decomposition and their degradation products’ chemistry as well as their toxicity including a list of detection techniques of nerve agents and their degradation products. This book will present their history, toxicity, comparison between different sample preparation methods, separation techniques, and detection methods all together in a short, easy to read book, tied together by a single group doing the writing and the editing to assure smooth transition from chapter to chapter, with sufficient Tables and literature references for the reader who looks to further detail.The text will illustrate the pluses and minuses of the various techniques with sufficient references for the reader to obtain extensive detail.
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Preface.
1 Historical Milieu.
1.1 Organophosphorus Nerve Agents.
1.2 Blister Agents.
1.3 Sternutator Agents.
1.4 Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC).
1.4.1 Schedule of Chemicals.
1.4.2 Destruction of Chemical Weapons.
References.
2 Toxicity of Chemical Warfare Agents and their Degradation
Products.
2.1 Organophosphorus Nerve Agent Toxicity.
2.1.1 Toxicity Mechanism – Acetylcholinesterase
Inhibition.
2.1.2 Exposure.
2.1.3 Response, Treatment and Prevention.
2.2 Toxicity of Nerve Agent Degradation Products.
2.2.1 Toxicity of GA (Tabun) Degradation Products.
2.2.2 Toxicity of GB (Sarin) Degradation Products.
2.2.3 Toxicity of GD (Soman) Degradation Products.
2.2.4 Toxicity of GF (Cyclosarin) Degradation Products.
2.2.5 Toxicity of VX Degradation Products.
2.3 Toxicity of Blister Agents.
2.4 Toxicity of Sternutator Agents.
2.4.1 Toxicity of Degradation Products of Sternutator
Agents.
References.
3 Analysis of Chemical Warfare Agents.
3.1 Introduction.
3.2 Minimally Invasive Detection Techniques.
3.3 Separation and Detection Techniques.
3.3.1 Capillary Electrophoresis.
3.3.2 Ion Mobility Spectrometry.
3.3.3 Gas Chromatography (GC)/Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry (GC-MS).
3.3.4 Liquid Chromatography (LC)/Liquid Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry (LC-MS).
3.3.5 Desorption Electrospray Ionization and Direct Analysis in
Real Time Mass Spectrometry.
References.
4 Chemical Warfare Agent Degradation Products.
4.1 Analysis of Nerve Agent Degradation Products.
4.1.1 Sample Preparation.
4.1.2 Liquid-Liquid Extraction (Pre-concentration).
4.1.3 Solid Phase Extraction (SPE).
4.1.4 Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME).
4.1.5 Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction (SBSE).
4.1.6 Derivatization.
4.2 Analytical Techniques.
4.2.1 Gas Chromatography (GC).
4.2.2 Liquid Chromatography (LC).
4.2.3 Elemental Speciation.
4.2.4 Ion Mobility.
4.2.5 Capillary Electrophoresis.
4.3 Analysis of Sulfur Mustard Degradation Products.
4.4 Analysis of Sternutator Degradation Products.
References.
Appendix.
Index.
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