In an increasingly crowded world reconciling environmental‘conservation’ with the ‘sustainable use’ of natural resources is now ourgreatest challenge. Nature conservation has traditionally focused onprotecting iconic and important areas of biodiversity from humanexploitation through the establishment of National Parks and World Heritage Areas. While this is essential, a narrow focus on protected areaconservation risks overlooking local needs in areas where peopleand natural systems must co-exist.This book addresses some key questions for the sustainable use of naturalenvironments:What should be conserved and who decides?Is ‘use’ compatible with conservation, and under what circumstances?Are trade-offs between conservation and development necessary?How do we find those elusive ‘win-win’ solutions?