It has been almost 150 years since Dr. Langdon Down first brought to our attention people with Down syndrome. Life expectancy, level of intellectual functioning, physical health, psychological health, social functioning, and integration into society are all issues that have markedly changed since 1866. The matter of aging in people with Down syndrome has consistently remained an area of intense interest. This book documents the most important published literature on the issue of dementia and Down syndrome published since Dr. Langdon Down’s momentous paper. Further, a number of publications from the general population which have had significant impact in the field of dementia and Down syndrome, and a number of papers in young adults and children with Down syndrome that have important implications for the aging population have been included.