The idea of this book is to demonstrate the tendency of modern research in mathematical ecology using the optimal control theory and game-theoretic methods. The book introduces the modelling of environmental systems through conceptual game-theoretic models, showing the importance of the equilibrium behavior under resource extraction. Using discrete and continuous models of biological and physical processes, the behavior of ecological-economic systems is represented by models with analytic or numerical solutions. A range of mathematical methods including analytic and approximate methods for equilibrium definition, cooperative and collective behavior determination are used to explore such models. The main feature of the presented investigations is characterized by time consistent, stabilized, collective and cooperative concepts in ecological-economic systems. This book is recommended for researchers and post-graduate students of management, economic and in the applied mathematics departments.