The book discusses in a detailed manner various nanomaterials used for biomedical applications, including clinical applications, diagnosis and tissue engineering. After the presentation of an overview of biomedical nanomaterials, including their classification and applications, the first part of the book is devoted to biomedical nanomaterials for therapy applications. For example, polymer micelles, dendrimers, polymer-drug conjugates as well as antibody-drug conjugates are discussed with respect to their cancer drug delivery properties. The next parts discuss biomedical nanomaterials that are used for imaging, diagnosis and sensors, as well as for tissue engineering. In the final section, the safety of biomedical nanomaterials is elaborated.
Jadual kandungan
List of Contributors XV
1 Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of Bionanomaterials 1
Ergang Liu, Meng Zhang, and Yongzhuo Huang
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Commonly Utilized NMs in Pharmaceutical Research 2
1.3 In vivo Biodistribution and the Evolving Targeting Principles for NMs 6
1.4 Processing NMs by the Biological Systems 9
1.5 Rational Design of Long-Circulating NMs 13
1.6 Mathematic Simulation of NM-Mediated Cancer Drug Delivery 15
1.7 Experimental PK Data of the Applied NMs 25
1.8 Perspectives 50
References 50
2 Targeted Dendrimers for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy 61
Jingjing Hu, Ke Hu, and Yiyun Cheng
2.1 Introduction 61
2.2 Targeted Dendrimers for Cancer Therapy 63
2.3 Targeted Dendrimers for Cancer Diagnosis 73
2.4 Conclusions 77
References 78
3 Polymeric Micelles for Drug Delivery 87
Wei Wu and Xiqun Jiang
3.1 Introduction 87
3.2 Amphiphilic Copolymers for Micelle Preparation 88
3.3 Stability of Polymeric Micelles 91
3.4 Drug Incorporation of Polymeric Micelles 92
3.5 Functionalization of Polymeric Micelles 93
3.6 Conclusions 93
References 94
4 Polymeric Micelle-Based Nanomedicine 99
Bin He
4.1 Introduction to Chemotherapy 99
4.2 Polymeric Micelle-Based Nanomedicine 100
4.3 Perspective 109
References 110
5 Microfluidics Applications in Cancer Drug Delivery 117
Hao Zhang and Youqing Shen
5.1 Introduction 117
5.2 Basic Principles of Micellar Drug Carriers and Microfluidics 118
5.3 Microfluidic Fabrication of Polymer Micelles 121
5.4 On-Chip Characterization of Micelle Formation 128
5.5 Microfluidic Replications of Physiological Barriers During Delivery of Drug to Tumor 133
5.6 Conclusion and Implications for Future Research 141
Acknowledgment 141
References 142
6 Antibody–Drug Conjugates 149
Xinyu Liu and Weiping Gao
6.1 Introduction 149
6.2 History of ADCs 151
6.3 Components of ADCs 155
6.4 Future Directions 167
References 170
7 Nano-Photosensitizer for Imaging-Guided Tumor Phototherapy 177
Zonghai Sheng, Mingbin Zheng, and Lintao Cai
7.1 Introduction for Tumor Phototherapy 177
7.2 Functionalized Nano-Photosensitizer for Tumor Targeting 178
7.3 Nano-photosensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy 182
7.4 Nano-Photosensitizer for Photothermal Therapy 184
7.5 Nano-Photosensitizer for Combination Therapy 191
7.6 Perspective and Application 197
References 200
8 Quantum Dots for Cancer Diagnosis 207
Min Fang, Dai-Wen Pang, and Yan Li
8.1 Introduction 207
8.2 Detection of Solid Tumor Based on QDs 209
8.3 SLN Mapping 215
8.4 Detection of Tumor-Associated Proteins in Blood 216
8.5 Detection of CTCs 217
8.6 Tumor Microenvironment for Invasion and Metastasis 217
8.7 Challenges of QDs into Clinical Practice Application 220
8.8 Summary 221
References 221
9 Luminescent Gold Nanoclusters for Biomedical Diagnosis 227
Hui Jiang and Xuemei Wang
9.1 Gold Nanostructures in Biomedical Diagnosis 227
9.2 Luminescent Au NCs for Biosensing 227
9.3 Au NCs for Cell Imaging 231
9.4 Au NCs for In Vivo Imaging 241
9.5 Perspectives 245
References 247
10 Nanographene in Biomedical Applications 251
Kai Yang and Zhuang Liu
10.1 Introduction 251
10.2 Nanographene for Drug Delivery 251
10.3 Nanographene for Gene Delivery 253
10.4 Graphene-Based Nanocomposite for Drug Delivery 255
10.5 Nanographene for Phototherapies of Cancer 259
10.6 Graphene and its Nanocomposites for Biomedical Imaging and Imaging-Guided Therapy 263
10.7 Toxicity of Nanographene 268
10.8 Prospects and Challenges 276
References 278
11 Molecular Imprinting Technique for Biomimetic Sensing and Diagnostics 283
Huiqi Zhang, Man Zhao, and Yaqiong Yang
11.1 Introduction 283
11.2 Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) 283
11.3 MIPs for Biomimetic Sensing and Diagnostics 286
11.4 Conclusions and Outlook 309
Acknowledgments 311
References 311
12 Magnetic Nanostructures for MRI-Based Cancer Detection 327
Yanglong Hou and Jing Yu
12.1 Introduction 327
12.2 Chemical Synthesis of Magnetic Nanostructures 328
12.3 Magnetic Nanostructures for MRI-Based Cancer Detection 344
12.4 Conclusions and Perspective 354
Acknowledgments 355
References 355
13 Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Bioapplications and Potential Toxicity 361
Hongying Su, Yun Zeng, Chengchao Chu, and Gang Liu
13.1 Introduction 361
13.2 Bioapplications of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles 362
13.3 Potential Toxicity of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles 369
13.4 Surface Engineering for Bioapplications 377
13.5 Conclusion 379
Acknowledgments 379
References 379
14 Nanostructured Hydrogels for Diabetic Management 387
Ying Guan and Yongjun Zhang
14.1 Introduction 387
14.2 Nanostructured Hydrogels for Insulin Releasing 388
14.3 Nanostructured Hydrogels for Glucose Sensing 396
14.4 Nanostructured Hydrogels in Artificial Pancreas 403
14.5 Conclusions and Outlook 411
References 412
15 Inorganic Nanomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering 421
Yongxiang Luo, Chengtie Wu, and Jiang Chang
15.1 Introduction 421
15.2 Calcium Phosphate Nanomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering 422
15.3 Ca P Blocks and Scaffolds with Surface Nanostructure 427
15.4 Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses for Bone Tissue Engineering 430
15.5 Conclusions 431
Acknowledgments 432
References 432
16 Nanotechnology in Coronary Artery Stent Coating 437
Tao Liu and Junying Chen
16.1 Introduction 437
16.2 Biodegradable Polymer Coating 438
16.3 Nanocomposite Stent Coating 440
16.4 Nanostructure in Stent Coating 443
16.5 Bioactive Nanocoating 449
16.6 Summary and Future Outlook 453
References 455
Index 465
Mengenai Pengarang
Yuliang Zhao is Professor in Chemistry and Physics. He moved to Chinese Academy of Sciences from RIKEN, Japan, as a Hundred Elite Professor in 2001. His research is mainly focused on the biomedical effects of nanostructures and nanoscale materials, including the biomedical functions of nanomaterials, the toxicological effects of nanomaterials and establishing standard procedures for safety assessment of nanoproducts, surface chemistry of nanoparticles and their novel properties, and molecular dynamics using theoretical simulation of the dynamic processes of the interplay between nanosystems and biosystems.
Youqing Shen is the Director of Center for Bionanoengineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University at Hangzhou, China. After obtaining his doctor of science degree from Zhejiang University and his Ph D from Mc Master University, Canada, he was appointed as an assistant professor and then early promoted to tenured associate professor of the University of Wyoming, USA. His research focuses on polymer bionanomaterials for biodelivery as well as for cancer chemotherapy and imaging. He has authored more than 150 scientific publications and one book.
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