Over the past decade, synthesis of nano materials has been extensively studied not only due to their captivating properties and theoretical studies but also for their potential in a broad range of applications. Most of the nanotechnology products are manufactured from atoms, however, interestingly; the properties of those products depend on how those atoms are arranged. With the help of nanotechnology one can congregate the elementary building blocks of nature in a way that may be completely unnatural or synthesizing something closer to the existing structures. The strategies engaged in fabricating the nano materials can be grouped into two categories: top-down and bottom-up. This volume explores a range of methods adopted for the synthesis of different nano materials, various factors affecting the stability, methods to improve its synthesis characterization and applications. The volume beings with nano composite particle synthesis with enhanced chemical and physical properties, one step sol-gel synthesis of porous inorganic glasses, novel methods for protein nano particles synthesis in organic solvents, nano fluids synthesis with enhanced the rmophysical properties for thermal engineering applications, synthesis and fictionalization of single and multi walled carbon nano tubes for application in biomedical field, synthesis of metal nano particles with enhanced catalytic activity capable of reducing the polluting gases exhausted from automobiles. This volume also discusses preparation of mesoporous ceramic thin films and nano porous iron anodic films, fabrications of gold nano wires and nano tubes, liquid phase synthesis of bimetallic nano particles, porphyrinoids organic nano particles; aromatic polyamide particle and nano filler synthesis. With the need of assessing the risk posed by nanotechnology, it is essential to characterize the nano materials being synthesized. A range of methods employed for characterization, such as X-Ray diffraction, Scanning and transmission electron microscope, selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-spectrophotometer, Raman and energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy and Positron annihilation spectroscopy are explained in this volume. The sole purpose of this volume is to be the reference guide for the fundamentals, practical and theoretical knowledge of synthesis, characterization and application of various nano materials for inter disciplinary under-graduates, graduates, engineers and researchers and scientists.
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