Alberto Gobbi & João Espregueira-Mendes 
The Patellofemoral Joint [PDF ebook] 
State of the Art in Evaluation and Management

​Morphogenesis of the patellofemoral joint.- Anatomy of the patellofemoral.- Anatomy and biomechanics of MPFL.- Clinical examination of patellofemoral joint.- Patellofemoral evaluation: an imagiological objective kinematic approach.- MRI of patellofemoral joint.- Gait analysis in patellofemoral disorder.- Prevention of patellofemoral injuries.- Patellofemoral syndrome.- Patellofemoral instability.- Patellar dislocation: pathomechanism and treatment.- First-time traumatic patellar dislocation: a systematic review.- Medial patellar instability – a little known cause of anterior knee pain.- Non-operative treatment of patellofemoral joint.- Surgical treatment of the patellofemoral joint: lateral release.- MPFL repair for recurrent or traumatic patellar dislocation.- Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction.- Proximal realignment: medial plication.- MPFL reconstruction based on graft tension change and anatomy.- Elmslie-Trillat Procedure: a distal based procedure for patellar stabilization.- Open proximal trochleaplasty (grooveplasty).- Sulcus-deepening trochleoplasty for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation with high-grade trochlear dysplasia.- Role of rotational osteotomy in the treatment of patelofemoral dysfunction.- New techniques for cartilage repair of the patella.- Cartilage lesions of the patellofemoral joint: long term results after ACI.- Role of mesenchymal stem cells in patellofemoral disorders.- Prosthetic indications in patellofemoral osteoarthritis.- Patellofemoral postoperative rehabilitation.- Treatment of patellofemoral disorders in skeletally immature athletes.- Treatment of patellofemoral dislocation in skeletally immature.- Platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of symptomatic patellofemoral cartilage lesions.- Pulsed electromagnetic fields for the treatment of symptomatic patellofemoral cartilage lesions of the knee.- Matrix autologous chondrocyte implantation of the patella: from ACI to MACI to ICC.- Patellofemoral jointpathology and sports.- Patellofemoral injuries in soccer players.- Complications of patellofemoral surgeries: prevention and management.- Scores to evaluate patellofemoral joint.- Conclusions.

Alberto Gobbi, MD, is a distinguished Italian specialist in Orthopaedics and Traumatology and in Sports Medicine, with a long-standing international reputation in the field of arthroscopic surgery, cartilage repair and regenerative medicine and leading roles in prestigious medical societies, after a unique experience as an athlete and physician on the Italian Olympic Committee. A former member of the Board of Directors and now Deputy Chair of the Education Committee of ISAKOS, he is the current Secretary General of the International Cartilage Repair Society (I.C.R.S.). Dr. Gobbi also chairs the Orthopaedic Arthroscopic Surgery International (O.A.S.I.) Bioresearch Foundation Gobbi Onlus, a not-for-profit organization accredited by the Italian Ministry of Health and recognized as an International Teaching Center by ISAKOS and ICRS. The O.A.S.I. Bioresearch Foundation promotes innovative scientific investigations on cartilage, joint aging, and sports lesions through a network of fellows and scientists from all over the world. Dr. Gobbi is on the editorial board of Cartilage, the Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, the Journal of Knee Surgery as well as principal reviewer for the American Journal of Sports Medicine, Knee Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Clinical Orthopaedics Related Research, the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Orthopaedics and BMJ Open. Dr. Gobbi has authored more than one hundred peer-reviewed articles and book chapters.
João Espregueira-Mendes, MD, Ph D, has been Professor of Orthopaedic Traumatology and Chairman of the Orthopaedic Department at Minho University, Portugal, since 2005. In addition, he is Director of Saúde Atlântica and Clínica Espregueira-Mendes, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, FC Porto Dragão Stadium, Porto, Portugal. His further posts include Senior Researcher in Biomaterials, Biodegradables, and Biomimetics in the Department of Polymer Engineering at Minho University Dr. Espregueira-Mendes is current President of the European Society of Knee Surgery, Sports Trauma and Arthroscopy (ESSKA) and also President of the Education Committee and Executive Board Member of ISAKOS. He is a member of the editorial board of Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy.
Norimasa Nakamura, MD, Ph D, is an orthopaedic surgeon and Professor at the Institute for Medical Science in Sports, Osaka Health Science University, Osaka City, Japan. He has been a Professor at the institute since 2009 and is also Invited Professor at the Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics and Department of Orthopaedics, Osaka University. Dr. Nakamura is the Vice President of the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) and Chair of the ISAKOS Scientific Committee. He also serves on the Boards of the Japanese Orthopaedic Society of Knee, Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine. In 2013 Dr. Nakamura was admitted as a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England ad eundem. He is a member of the editorial boards of Cartilage and the Journal of Orthopaedic Science, as well as principal reviewer for the American Journal of Sports Medicine. Dr. Nakamura has published over 90 peer-reviewed papers.