In ‘Of the Orthographie and Congruitie of the Britan Tongue, ‘ Alexander Hume, a notable figure in the early modern period, meticulously explores the phonetic and grammatical structure of the Scots language. Written during the late 16th century, this seminal work serves as both a prescriptive grammar and a critique of the linguistic norms of Hume’Äôs time. Employing a didactic style, the text exemplifies the transitional phase of Scottish linguistics with its blend of scholarly rigor and practical application, carefully navigating the tensions between dialectal variation and emerging standards for written English. Hume’s background as a schoolmaster and his engagement with the Protestant Reformation undoubtedly influenced his desire to document and preserve the vernacular tongue of his homeland. His educational pursuits and connection to the burgeoning Scottish Renaissance reflect a commitment to enhancing Scottish identity and intellectualism through language. Hume’Äôs writings underscore the cultural significance of linguistic clarity while asserting the value of Scots in literary and scholarly contexts. This work is essential for linguists, historians, and enthusiasts of Scottish culture alike. Hume’Äôs nuanced understanding of orthography and grammar not only enriches our comprehension of the Scots language but also illuminates the broader implications of language in identity formation. Readers are urged to dive into Hume’Äôs thoughtful discourse to appreciate the linguistic legacy that continues to resonate within Scottish heritage.