Ira (University of Maryland, USA) Berlin & Philip D. (Johns Hopkins University, USA) Morgan 
The Slaves” Economy [PDF ebook] 
Independent Production by Slaves in the Americas

Slaves achieved a degree of economic independence, producing food, tending cash crops, raising livestock, manufacturing furnished goods, marketing their own products, consuming and saving the proceeds and bequeathing property to their descendants. The editors of this volume contend that the legacy of slavery cannot be understood without a full appreciation of the slaves” economy.