This volume contains eleven chapters that detail advances in health and disease. Chapter One examines the role of demethylases in regulation, with an emphasis on existing and upcoming treatments that focus on this enzyme class. Chapter Two provides a multiparametric acoustic analysis of voice assessments. Chapter Three discusses the clinical applications and outcomes of splenectomies. Chapter Four analyzes the safety of laparotomy compared with the effectiveness of the procedure. Chapter Five proposes a multiple-factor regression mathematical model for predicting the diabetic foot ulcer development risk. Chapter Six presents the risk factors, indications, and management of relaparotomy after cesarean section delivery. Chapter Seven elaborates on the critical role of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in wound healing cascades, with the goal of advancing the application of S1P-targeted therapeutic strategies in clinical treatment. Chapter Eight provides an overview of recent innovative developments, directions, and trends in the field of Paracetamol. Chapter Nine explains the function of paracetamol in treating dental pain and compares the risks and advantages of its use. Chapter Ten provides standard statistical rules that thoracic surgeons unfamiliar with statistical modeling analysis should follow. Finally, Chapter Eleven explains a study that applied next-generation sequencing and subsequent data analysis to investigate several food-borne non-typhoidal Salmonella strains.