This three-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th National CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2023, held in Foshan, China, during October 12-15, 2023. The 143 regular papers included in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 478 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: dialogue systems; fundamentals of NLP; information extraction and knowledge graph; machine learning for NLP; machine translation and multilinguality; multimodality and explainability; NLP applications and text mining; question answering; large language models; summarization and generation; student workshop; and evaluation workshop.