With the enormous increase of research interest in electrospun nanofibers, there is a strong need for a comprehensive review of electrospinning in a systematic fashion. Electrospinning, an electrostatic fiber fabrication technique, has evinced more interest and attention in recent years due to its versatility and potential for applications in diverse fields. The notable applications include tissue engineering, biosensors, filtration, wound dressings, drug delivery and enzyme immobilization. This book offers an overview of structure-property relationships, synthesis and purification, and potential applications of electrospun nanofibers.